CAJ | 학술논문

基于太湖上游西苕溪流域38个采样点2009年6月至2010年7月完整周年的水质监测数据，综合运用聚类分析、单因素方差分析、因子分析及多维尺度分析等多元统计分析方法，对西苕溪流域水质时间与空间变化进行了分析。根据聚类分析将整个流域河段在空间上分为四个部分，即上游林区的河段、紧邻城镇的下游河段、下游平原区的干流河段和分散于农业灌溉区的河段；利用因子分析的旋转因子载荷矩阵从时间维度研究不同水质参数的季节敏感性，氮素在整个研究时间段与旋转因子的相关系数都大于0.900，表现出整个研究时间段内的敏感性；利用单因素方差分析和多维尺度分析实现时空的统一分析，相同时间不同河段间差异性显著且都与其地理位置特点相吻合，所有河段在时间维度上均显现出丰水期的水质与另两个水期差异显著的特点，紧邻城镇的下游河段水质是整个流域中不同水期间差异性最小的，凸显了人为干扰的持续性。研究结果表明，运用多元统计方法对西苕溪流域水质的时空变化特点进行分析，可以为流域水质监测与污染防控提供有益参考。
기우태호상유서초계류역38개채양점2009년6월지2010년7월완정주년적수질감측수거，종합운용취류분석、단인소방차분석、인자분석급다유척도분석등다원통계분석방법，대서초계류역수질시간여공간변화진행료분석。근거취류분석장정개류역하단재공간상분위사개부분，즉상유림구적하단、긴린성진적하유하단、하유평원구적간류하단화분산우농업관개구적하단；이용인자분석적선전인자재하구진종시간유도연구불동수질삼수적계절민감성，담소재정개연구시간단여선전인자적상관계수도대우0.900，표현출정개연구시간단내적민감성；이용단인소방차분석화다유척도분석실현시공적통일분석，상동시간불동하단간차이성현저차도여기지리위치특점상문합，소유하단재시간유도상균현현출봉수기적수질여령량개수기차이현저적특점，긴린성진적하유하단수질시정개류역중불동수기간차이성최소적，철현료인위간우적지속성。연구결과표명，운용다원통계방법대서초계류역수질적시공변화특점진행분석，가이위류역수질감측여오염방공제공유익삼고。
In this study, water quality data from June 2009 to July 2010 at 38 sampling sites in Xitiaoxi watershed, a branch of Taihu Lake in China, were obtained. Multivariate statistical techniques, including cluster analysis, one-way analysis of variance(ANOVA), factor anal-ysis and multidimensional scaling analysis, were employed for the evaluation of spatial and temporal variations in water quality in Xitiaoxi watershed. Based on the similarity of water quality characteristics, the watershed was classified into four sections: upstream forest, down-stream city, downstream plain and downstream agricultural irrigation sections. Rotated factor correlation coefficients rendered good results of the seasonal sensitivity of different water quality parameters. The correlation coefficients between nitrogen concentration and rotated factors during the entire study period was greater than 0.900, showing its time sensitivity in the whole study period. One-way ANOVA analysis and multidimensional scaling analysis obtained the best results for both spatial and temporal variations. Overall, the spatial variation in water quality was significant and consistent with the geographical characteristics. Water quality in all channels showed little difference between mean- and low-flow periods, but had significant difference between the high-flow and other two periods. The main channel at city area dis-played the minimal temporal variation in the entire watershed, indicating the anthropogenic interference. These results provide critical infor-mation for management of water resources in Xitiaoxi watershed.