CAJ | 학술논문

通过研究玉米秸秆生物质炭施用对土壤黑碳（BC）数量和结构的影响规律，比较施用生物质炭后不同年限间的差异，为阐明土壤BC在土壤固碳上的作用提供理论依据。选择化学氧化修改法进行土壤BC的提取，采用重铬酸钾外加热法测定土壤有机碳（SOC）含量，采用元素组成和红外光谱分析对土壤BC进行结构表征。研究结果表明：与对照（未施用玉米秸秆生物质炭）相比，施用玉米秸秆生物质炭后3年间各年土壤BC的含量分别增加177.0％、304.3％和434.2％，土壤BC占SOC的比例分别增加40.2％、143.5％和167.3％，说明玉米秸秆生物质炭有助于表层土壤BC长期稳定的积累，且随时间的延长而增加；与对照相比，施用玉米秸秆生物质炭后表层土壤BC的碳元素含量增加，缩合度和芳香性增加，氧化度和脂族性降低，且随玉米秸秆生物质炭施用年限的延长表现得更加明显。长期施用玉米秸秆生物质炭后使土壤BC的结构向着芳香性增加的方向发展，稳定性增强，因而对于土壤固碳是有利的。
통과연구옥미갈간생물질탄시용대토양흑탄（BC）수량화결구적영향규률，비교시용생물질탄후불동년한간적차이，위천명토양BC재토양고탄상적작용제공이론의거。선택화학양화수개법진행토양BC적제취，채용중락산갑외가열법측정토양유궤탄（SOC）함량，채용원소조성화홍외광보분석대토양BC진행결구표정。연구결과표명：여대조（미시용옥미갈간생물질탄）상비，시용옥미갈간생물질탄후3년간각년토양BC적함량분별증가177.0％、304.3％화434.2％，토양BC점SOC적비례분별증가40.2％、143.5％화167.3％，설명옥미갈간생물질탄유조우표층토양BC장기은정적적루，차수시간적연장이증가；여대조상비，시용옥미갈간생물질탄후표층토양BC적탄원소함량증가，축합도화방향성증가，양화도화지족성강저，차수옥미갈간생물질탄시용년한적연장표현득경가명현。장기시용옥미갈간생물질탄후사토양BC적결구향착방향성증가적방향발전，은정성증강，인이대우토양고탄시유리적。
Biochar can improve soil fertility and enhance soil carbon sequestration. In order to understand the contribution of biochar to soil carbon sequestration, the quantity and structural characteristics of black carbon(BC)were studied in soil applied with corn stalk-derived biochar for different durations under rice and wheat rotation. Compared with CK(no corn stalk-derived biochar), the content of BC in sur-face soil increased by 177.0%, 304.3%and 434.2% in the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd year of biochar application, respectively, resulting in an in-crease in BC/SOC ratio by 40.2%, 143.5%, and 167.3%. This indicated that applying corn stalk-derived biochar would help the accumula-tion of BC in surface soil over time. Furthermore, the biochar applications increased the carbon content, condensation degree and aromatic degree of BC in surface soil, while decreased the oxidation degree and aliphatic degree as compared to CK. Such effects were more obvious in longer duration of biochar application. These findings suggest that long-term application of biochar would improve aromaticity and stabili-ty of BC, and enhance soil carbon sequestration.