CAJ | 학술논문

依据《化学品沉积物-水系统中摇蚊毒性试验加标于沉积物法》（GB/T 27859—2011），以死亡率、羽化率、羽化时间和口器畸形率为观测指标，分别研究了加标水体和沉积物中 Cd2+（CdCl2·2.5H2O）对伸展摇蚊（Chironomus riparius）和黄色羽摇蚊（Chironomus flaviplumus）的急性（96 h）和慢性（20 d）毒性。结果表明，摇蚊幼虫存活率与水和沉积物中Cd2+浓度呈显著负相关（P<0.01），水中Cd2+对三龄伸展摇蚊幼虫和黄色羽摇蚊幼虫的96 h半致死浓度（LC50）分别为22.39 mg·L-1和33.41 mg·L-1，沉积物中Cd2+对伸展摇蚊幼虫及黄色羽摇蚊幼虫的20 d LC50分别为226.26 mg·kg-1和351.84 mg·kg-1。摇蚊幼虫口器畸形率与Cd2+浓度显著正相关（P<0.01）；伸展摇蚊羽化时间与Cd2+浓度无显著相关关系，黄色羽摇蚊羽化时间与Cd2+浓度显著正相关（P<0.05）。死亡率和口器畸形率表明，伸展摇蚊对镉污染的敏感性要高于黄色羽摇蚊。
의거《화학품침적물-수계통중요문독성시험가표우침적물법》（GB/T 27859—2011），이사망솔、우화솔、우화시간화구기기형솔위관측지표，분별연구료가표수체화침적물중 Cd2+（CdCl2·2.5H2O）대신전요문（Chironomus riparius）화황색우요문（Chironomus flaviplumus）적급성（96 h）화만성（20 d）독성。결과표명，요문유충존활솔여수화침적물중Cd2+농도정현저부상관（P<0.01），수중Cd2+대삼령신전요문유충화황색우요문유충적96 h반치사농도（LC50）분별위22.39 mg·L-1화33.41 mg·L-1，침적물중Cd2+대신전요문유충급황색우요문유충적20 d LC50분별위226.26 mg·kg-1화351.84 mg·kg-1。요문유충구기기형솔여Cd2+농도현저정상관（P<0.01）；신전요문우화시간여Cd2+농도무현저상관관계，황색우요문우화시간여Cd2+농도현저정상관（P<0.05）。사망솔화구기기형솔표명，신전요문대력오염적민감성요고우황색우요문。
Chironomidae are important organisms indicating the quality of water environment. Here acute(96 h)and chronic(20 d)toxicity experiments were carried out to determine the toxicity of Cd2+on the larvae of Chironomus riparius and Chironomus flaviplumus, following the standard methods in the guideline GB/T 27859—2011(Chemicals-Sediment-water chironomid toxicity test:Spiked sediment method). The mortality, emergence rate, emergence time, and mentum deformity rate were observed. The 96 h LC50 values of cadmium to three instar C. riparius and C. flaviplumus larvae were 22.39 mg·L-1 and 33.41 mg·L-1, respectively. The 20 d LC50 values of Cd to C. riparius and C. flaviplumus were correspondingly 226.26 mg·kg-1 and 351.84 mg·kg-1. Their survival rate and mentum deformity rate were significantly positive correlated to Cd2+concentration(P<0.01). Emergence time of C. riparius was not significantly affected by Cd2+in the sediment, whereas that of C. flaviplumus was significantly positively correlated to Cd2+concentration(P<0.05). However, the mortality and mentum de-formity rates indicated that C. riparius was more sensitive to cadmium than C. flaviplumus.