CAJ | 학술논문

中国社会福利体系在福利责任结构上存在诸多问题,政府始终处于约束预算与满足来自公众日益增长的需求与需要的福利困境之中.研究以香港、台湾与内地三个华人社区为例,比较了政府、个人的权利与责任在理想与现实上的福利态度差异及其张力,考察了传统文化因素的影响.研究认为,公众具有明显的社会权利意识,已形成诉求的社会动力;那种以文化传统为借口,拒绝福利制度改革的做法应该摒弃.福利制度的设计应尊重公众的福利态度,以需要为本,保障社会权利,而公众则履行相应的福利责任.在此基础上,扩大政府福利责任在基本需要满足上的边界,从而缩小理想与现实的差距.
중국사회복리체계재복리책임결구상존재제다문제,정부시종처우약속예산여만족래자공음일익증장적수구여수요적복리곤경지중.연구이향항、태만여내지삼개화인사구위례,비교료정부、개인적권리여책임재이상여현실상적복리태도차이급기장력,고찰료전통문화인소적영향.연구인위,공음구유명현적사회권리의식,이형성소구적사회동력;나충이문화전통위차구,거절복리제도개혁적주법응해병기.복리제도적설계응존중공음적복리태도,이수요위본,보장사회권리,이공음칙리행상응적복리책임.재차기출상,확대정부복리책임재기본수요만족상적변계,종이축소이상여현실적차거.
There are many questions in the structure of welfare responsibility of social welfare system in China, and the governments have to think how to constrain their budgets but also meet the rising demands from and needs of their people. Based on the survey of three societies of Hong Kong, Taiwan and Mainland, the paper compares the difference and tension of welfare attitudes from governments and individuals with welfare responsibilities between ideal and practice. There are some questions: the public have been aware of social citizenship in evidence, and have social momentum to pursuit it. It must be abandon to reject the reform of welfare system with traditional culture. We must respect welfare atti-tudes from the public, and the design of welfare system should be based on need, and guarantee social citizenship, but the public should fulfill their duties. Based on it, we should expand the scope of governments on welfare responsibilities, and then narrow the gap between ideal and actual practice.