CAJ | 학술논문

为保护洄游性鱼类，各国在修建大坝和堤堰的同时，根据工程的特点及鱼类保护的需求修建了各种类型的过鱼设施。首先简要介绍了鱼类下行过坝的一些途径，如：溢洪道、水轮机、鱼道、集运鱼系统、船闸等。其次，详细介绍了国外目前关于鱼类下行研究的一些新技术，如：水表面集鱼技术、全水深集鱼技术、下行旁路、集运鱼系统、鱼类友好型水轮机以及相关辅助技术等。最后针对我国的下行过鱼工程需求，指出应广泛借鉴国外先进经验，特别关注国外集鱼导鱼技术，加强我国鱼类下行过程的基础研究，以期实现我国鱼类下行过坝技术的突破。
위보호회유성어류，각국재수건대패화제언적동시，근거공정적특점급어류보호적수구수건료각충류형적과어설시。수선간요개소료어류하행과패적일사도경，여：일홍도、수륜궤、어도、집운어계통、선갑등。기차，상세개소료국외목전관우어류하행연구적일사신기술，여：수표면집어기술、전수심집어기술、하행방로、집운어계통、어류우호형수륜궤이급상관보조기술등。최후침대아국적하행과어공정수구，지출응엄범차감국외선진경험，특별관주국외집어도어기술，가강아국어류하행과정적기출연구，이기실현아국어류하행과패기술적돌파。
To conserve downstream migratory fish,a variety of fish passage facilities have been built in view of the specific operating characteristics and the needs of fish conservation when building dams and weirs.In this paper we first briefly introduce measures frequently adopted to help downstream migratory fish pass a dam through spillway, turbine,fishway,fish transportation system and ship lock,etc.In subsequence we introduce in details the new technologies in foreign countries developing passage facilities for downstream migratory fish such as surface collec-tor,full-depth fish gathering technology,bypass,fish trap-transportation system,fish-friendly turbine and auxiliary technologies.Finally we propose that we should learn the experiences from developed countries to meet the great needs of downstream migratory fish to passage dams in China,particularly fish gathering and fish guiding technolo-gies.Meanwhile,China will need to develop fundamental research and make breakthroughs in the area of fish pas-sage.