CAJ | 학술논문

【目的】将土壤盐分含量与冬小麦分布变化结合,分析两者之间的时空关系,旨在探索土壤盐碱化对冬小麦种植的影响,为冬小麦生产决策提供科学依据。【方法】以黄河三角洲垦利县为研究区,采用2003年4月、2008年4月和2013年3月三期ETM影像,通过分析典型地物光谱曲线生成决策树模型,提取冬小麦分布信息,将各时相冬小麦种植分布提取结果做空间叠加,分析了近10年来冬小麦面积与分布的变化规律；并结合实地土壤盐分调查分析数据,分析了冬小麦种植面积变化与土壤盐分的关系。一方面,将垦利县冬小麦分布图分别与相应时相的土壤含盐量分布图进行空间叠加分析,并对叠加图的属性进行统计,对比分析冬小麦分布与土壤含盐量分布的关系。另一方面,通过叠加2008和2013年土壤盐分含量分布图,将盐分变化分为盐分升高区和盐分降低区,将其与同时段的冬小麦种植范围变化图进行叠加,分析土壤盐分含量变化对冬小麦分布变化的影响。【结果】1)垦利县冬小麦的分布具有明显的空间特征,主要分布在垦利县域西南部和东北部黄河沿岸两个区域,与土壤低含盐量区具有一致的空间分布特征。2)垦利县冬小麦种植面积呈现20032008时段大幅减少和20082013时段的少许增加趋势。3)冬小麦种植范围变化与土壤盐分含量的相关性极高,冬小麦种植无变化区域土壤含盐量都集中在1．52．5 g/kg之间,冬小麦种植增加区域的土壤盐分含量集中在23 g/kg,而冬小麦种植减少区的土壤盐分含量都在3 g/kg以上,即超过3 g/kg的土壤含盐量已不再适合冬小麦的生长。4)20082013年垦利县冬小麦分布区域变化显著受到土壤含盐量的变化。在土壤含盐量降低的小麦区域中,冬小麦种植增加区和不变区的面积占98．07%,而在土壤含盐量升高的小麦区域中,冬小麦种植减少的面积占84．54%。【结论】冬小麦种植范围及其变化显著受到土壤盐分状况及其变化的影响,冬小麦种植减少区的土壤盐分含量都在3 g/kg以上,且随着土壤含盐量的升高冬小麦种植面积骤减,3 g/kg的土壤含盐量是适合冬小麦生长的上限,土壤含盐量调控是维持和扩大冬小麦种植范围的关键手段。【目的】將土壤鹽分含量與鼕小麥分佈變化結閤,分析兩者之間的時空關繫,旨在探索土壤鹽堿化對鼕小麥種植的影響,為鼕小麥生產決策提供科學依據。【方法】以黃河三角洲墾利縣為研究區,採用2003年4月、2008年4月和2013年3月三期ETM影像,通過分析典型地物光譜麯線生成決策樹模型,提取鼕小麥分佈信息,將各時相鼕小麥種植分佈提取結果做空間疊加,分析瞭近10年來鼕小麥麵積與分佈的變化規律；併結閤實地土壤鹽分調查分析數據,分析瞭鼕小麥種植麵積變化與土壤鹽分的關繫。一方麵,將墾利縣鼕小麥分佈圖分彆與相應時相的土壤含鹽量分佈圖進行空間疊加分析,併對疊加圖的屬性進行統計,對比分析鼕小麥分佈與土壤含鹽量分佈的關繫。另一方麵,通過疊加2008和2013年土壤鹽分含量分佈圖,將鹽分變化分為鹽分升高區和鹽分降低區,將其與同時段的鼕小麥種植範圍變化圖進行疊加,分析土壤鹽分含量變化對鼕小麥分佈變化的影響。【結果】1)墾利縣鼕小麥的分佈具有明顯的空間特徵,主要分佈在墾利縣域西南部和東北部黃河沿岸兩箇區域,與土壤低含鹽量區具有一緻的空間分佈特徵。2)墾利縣鼕小麥種植麵積呈現20032008時段大幅減少和20082013時段的少許增加趨勢。3)鼕小麥種植範圍變化與土壤鹽分含量的相關性極高,鼕小麥種植無變化區域土壤含鹽量都集中在1．52．5 g/kg之間,鼕小麥種植增加區域的土壤鹽分含量集中在23 g/kg,而鼕小麥種植減少區的土壤鹽分含量都在3 g/kg以上,即超過3 g/kg的土壤含鹽量已不再適閤鼕小麥的生長。4)20082013年墾利縣鼕小麥分佈區域變化顯著受到土壤含鹽量的變化。在土壤含鹽量降低的小麥區域中,鼕小麥種植增加區和不變區的麵積佔98．07%,而在土壤含鹽量升高的小麥區域中,鼕小麥種植減少的麵積佔84．54%。【結論】鼕小麥種植範圍及其變化顯著受到土壤鹽分狀況及其變化的影響,鼕小麥種植減少區的土壤鹽分含量都在3 g/kg以上,且隨著土壤含鹽量的升高鼕小麥種植麵積驟減,3 g/kg的土壤含鹽量是適閤鼕小麥生長的上限,土壤含鹽量調控是維持和擴大鼕小麥種植範圍的關鍵手段。
【목적】장토양염분함량여동소맥분포변화결합,분석량자지간적시공관계,지재탐색토양염감화대동소맥충식적영향,위동소맥생산결책제공과학의거。【방법】이황하삼각주은리현위연구구,채용2003년4월、2008년4월화2013년3월삼기ETM영상,통과분석전형지물광보곡선생성결책수모형,제취동소맥분포신식,장각시상동소맥충식분포제취결과주공간첩가,분석료근10년래동소맥면적여분포적변화규률；병결합실지토양염분조사분석수거,분석료동소맥충식면적변화여토양염분적관계。일방면,장은리현동소맥분포도분별여상응시상적토양함염량분포도진행공간첩가분석,병대첩가도적속성진행통계,대비분석동소맥분포여토양함염량분포적관계。령일방면,통과첩가2008화2013년토양염분함량분포도,장염분변화분위염분승고구화염분강저구,장기여동시단적동소맥충식범위변화도진행첩가,분석토양염분함량변화대동소맥분포변화적영향。【결과】1)은리현동소맥적분포구유명현적공간특정,주요분포재은리현역서남부화동북부황하연안량개구역,여토양저함염량구구유일치적공간분포특정。2)은리현동소맥충식면적정현20032008시단대폭감소화20082013시단적소허증가추세。3)동소맥충식범위변화여토양염분함량적상관성겁고,동소맥충식무변화구역토양함염량도집중재1．52．5 g/kg지간,동소맥충식증가구역적토양염분함량집중재23 g/kg,이동소맥충식감소구적토양염분함량도재3 g/kg이상,즉초과3 g/kg적토양함염량이불재괄합동소맥적생장。4)20082013년은리현동소맥분포구역변화현저수도토양함염량적변화。재토양함염량강저적소맥구역중,동소맥충식증가구화불변구적면적점98．07%,이재토양함염량승고적소맥구역중,동소맥충식감소적면적점84．54%。【결론】동소맥충식범위급기변화현저수도토양염분상황급기변화적영향,동소맥충식감소구적토양염분함량도재3 g/kg이상,차수착토양함염량적승고동소맥충식면적취감,3 g/kg적토양함염량시괄합동소맥생장적상한,토양함염량조공시유지화확대동소맥충식범위적관건수단。
[Objectives] This paper tried to analyze temporal and spatial relationship between soil salinity and distribution of winter wheat, to explore soil salinity effect on winter wheat planting, and to supply scientific advice for winter wheat production decision. [Methods] Taking Kenli County,located in the Yellow River Delta, as study area, the winter wheat distribution information was extracted by decision tree model that was generated by analysis of the typical spectral curves with ETM images in April 2003 , April 2008 and March 2013 . Through spatial overlay of winter wheat planting distribution at each phase, the variation of winter wheat area and the distribution in recent 10 years were analyzed. Based on investigation and analysis of field soil salinity data, the relationship between winter wheat planting area changes and the soil salinity was analyzed. The distribution of winter wheat and the corresponding phase soil salinity distribution were spatially overlaid to compare and analyze the relationship of winter wheat and soil salinity distribution. Related attribute statistic was conducted correspondingly. At the same fince soil salinity distribution in 2008 and 2013 was overlaid, salinity changes have divided into salt reduced and increased area. Soil salinity distribution and the winter wheat planting area at same period were spatially overlaid to analyze the influence of soil salt content on the winter wheat distribution changes. [Results] 1 ) Winter wheat distribution has obvious spatial characteristics in Kenli County, mainly distributed in the southwest of Kenli and northeast coast of the Yellow River, with a consistent spatial distribution characteristics to low soil salinity zone. 2) The winter wheat planting area significantly reduced from 2003 to 2008 and slightly increased from 2008 to 2013 in Kenli County. 3)The winter wheat planting area change and soil salinity was extremely well correlated. In constant winter wheat planting area, soil salinity was concentrated in the 1. 5-2. 5 g/kg, in increasing planting area soil salinity focused on the 2-3 g/kg, and in winter wheat planting reduced area, the soil salinity was more than 3 g/kg. 4)The distribution change of winter wheat in 2008-2013 has a very high consistency with the otants of soil salinity. The planting areas of winter wheat in increased and unchanged area account for 98. 07% in soil salinity reduced wheat area, and in the soil salinity increasing wheat area, winter wheat planting reduced area accounts for 84. 54%.[Conclusion] Winter wheat planting area is highly aftected by the change of the soil salinity. With increasing soil salinity, the winter wheat planting areas were rapidly reduced. The upper limit for winter wheat normal growth is 3 g/kg. The control of soil salinity is the key method to maintain and expand the scope of the winter wheat planting.