CAJ | 학술논문

动词态是指动词所表示的动作随着时间推移而展开过程中各种各样的状态以及其表现出来的语法形式。中文里与日语的动词态助词「タ」最相似的是“了”，日语的「タ」具有时态、动词态、情感表现的性质但中文里面“了”只具有动词态和情感表现的性质。中文表示某个动作的过去、现在、未来，对应的谓语动词不会做出规则的变化，只能利用时间副词或者相应的文脉对过去、现在、未来进行判断。但在日语中就有「ル」形和「タ」形。本文是作者在读研究生时利用《日中对译语料库》抽出中文的“了”和日语的「タ」的例句，来分析“了”和「タ」的相异情况。
동사태시지동사소표시적동작수착시간추이이전개과정중각충각양적상태이급기표현출래적어법형식。중문리여일어적동사태조사「タ」최상사적시“료”，일어적「タ」구유시태、동사태、정감표현적성질단중문리면“료”지구유동사태화정감표현적성질。중문표시모개동작적과거、현재、미래，대응적위어동사불회주출규칙적변화，지능이용시간부사혹자상응적문맥대과거、현재、미래진행판단。단재일어중취유「ル」형화「タ」형。본문시작자재독연구생시이용《일중대역어료고》추출중문적“료”화일어적「タ」적례구，래분석“료”화「タ」적상이정황。
Aspect refers to various forms and grammatical forms of the action expressed by the verb over time."了" in Chinese is the most similar word to Japanese aspect auxiliary"タ"."タ"in Japanese is of tenses, aspect and emotion, while"了"in Chinese is of aspect and emotion. When expressing an action in the past, the present and the future, the corresponding verb in Chinese will not be made rules changes, and people only make the judgment of past, present, and future tense by using time adverbs or the corresponding context. But there are"ル" form and"タ"form in Japanese . In this paper, While the author was in graduate school, the author took out"了"in Chinese and"タ"in Japanese for example from "Japanese -Chinese of translation corpus",to analyze the differences between"了"and"タ".