CAJ | 학술논문

采用分子生物学手段PCR-ARDAR和16S rRNA基因克隆测序技术对比分析了浓香型白酒大曲与入窖糟醅的细菌组成及多样性。结果表明，大曲与入窖糟醅的某些细菌微生物组成具有一定差异，但主要细菌微生物组成相同。16S rDNA克隆文库分析结果表明，大曲和入窖糟醅的阳性克隆子数分别为159和122，其中，大曲克隆文库中有16个OTUs分属于Firmicutes (90.57%)，Proteobacteria (6.29%)，Actinobacteria (2.52%)，Cyanobacteria Chloroplast (0.63%)等4个门类群，Bacillus(88.68%)、Pseudomonas(4.40%)和Streptomyces(2.52%)为该系统的主要菌属；入窖糟醅克隆文库中有11个OTUs分属于Firmicutes (95.83%)和Proteobacteria (4.17%)2个门类群，其中， Bacillus(95.10%)和Pseudomonas(1.64%)为该系统中的主要菌属；在分类水平上，大曲的细菌类群包括了入窖糟醅的细菌类群，而在属的分类水平上，大曲与入窖糟醅的细菌类群组成有所不同，但主要菌属均为Bacillus和Pseudo-monas，从分子水平上进一步证实了糟醅微生物主要来源于大曲，并推测糟醅与大曲的微生物组成差异与环境、原料以及制作工艺有关。
채용분자생물학수단PCR-ARDAR화16S rRNA기인극륭측서기술대비분석료농향형백주대곡여입교조배적세균조성급다양성。결과표명，대곡여입교조배적모사세균미생물조성구유일정차이，단주요세균미생물조성상동。16S rDNA극륭문고분석결과표명，대곡화입교조배적양성극륭자수분별위159화122，기중，대곡극륭문고중유16개OTUs분속우Firmicutes (90.57%)，Proteobacteria (6.29%)，Actinobacteria (2.52%)，Cyanobacteria Chloroplast (0.63%)등4개문류군，Bacillus(88.68%)、Pseudomonas(4.40%)화Streptomyces(2.52%)위해계통적주요균속；입교조배극륭문고중유11개OTUs분속우Firmicutes (95.83%)화Proteobacteria (4.17%)2개문류군，기중， Bacillus(95.10%)화Pseudomonas(1.64%)위해계통중적주요균속；재분류수평상，대곡적세균류군포괄료입교조배적세균류군，이재속적분류수평상，대곡여입교조배적세균류군조성유소불동，단주요균속균위Bacillus화Pseudo-monas，종분자수평상진일보증실료조배미생물주요래원우대곡，병추측조배여대곡적미생물조성차이여배경、원료이급제작공예유관。
The bacteria composition and diversity in Nongxiang Daqu and in pit-entry fermented grains were analyzed and compared by PCR-ARDAR coupled with 16S rRNA clone sequencing. The results indicated that, there was some difference in bacteria composition between Non-gxiang Daqu and pit-entry fermented grains, however, their main bacteria groups were almost the same. In 16S rDNA clone library, the number of positive clone was 159 in Daqu and 122 in pit-entry fermented grains. Among them, there were 16 OTUs in Daqu belonging to four different phyla including Firmicutes(90.57 %), Proteobacteria(6.29 %), Actinobacteria(2.52 %) and Cyanobacteria Chloroplast(0.63 %), and Bacillus (88.68%), Pseudomonas(4.40%) and Streptomyces(2.52%) were the dominant genus. Meanwhile, there were 11 OTUs in pit-entry fermented grains belonging to two different phyla including Firmicutes(95.83%) and Proteobacteria(4.17%), and Bacillus (95.10%) and Pseudomonas (1.64%) were the dominant genus. In conclusion, the bacteria groups of Daqu covered the bacteria groups of pit-entry fermented grains at the taxonomic level of phylum (mainly as Bacillus and Pseudomonas), which proved that the microbes in pit-entry fermented grains mainly came from Daqu. It was speculated that the slight difference in microbial composition between Daqu and pit-entry fermented grains might be mainly correlated with the environment, raw materials, and production techniques.