CAJ | 학술논문

背景：因犬颈内动脉入颅之前弯曲度大，呈螺旋形，难以超选择插管，目前犬脑梗死模型往往从颈内动脉灌入自体血栓、明胶海绵等栓塞物质，这种方法建立的模型与人类的脑梗死发病机制相差甚远。椎动脉造影可以清晰显示大脑血管结构，可能会为犬急性脑梗死模型的建立提供新的条件。目的：探索用介入技术经椎-基底动脉途经超选择插管制作beagle犬急性脑梗死模型的可行性。方法：将5只beagle犬分为血栓组(n=3)与对照组(n=2)。血栓组犬经股动脉穿刺插管分别行主动脉弓、颈总动脉与椎动脉数字减影血管造影检查，将2.7F微导管经椎-基底动脉超选择插管至左侧后交通动脉与颈内动脉交通处，注入1条自体血栓条。对照组犬注入适量对比剂。结果与结论：5只犬左、右侧颈总动脉造影可清晰显示粗大的颈外动脉(10/10)及其分支，但只有5条(5/10)颈内动脉在颈总动脉造影时隐约可见显影。颈内动脉管径较细并形成一螺旋形血管袢。左、右椎动脉(10/10)造影可清晰显示椎-基底动脉、“Wil is”环、双侧大脑后动脉、大脑中动脉和大脑前动脉。均能将微导管经椎-基底动脉超选择插管至左侧后交通动脉与颈内动脉交通处。磁共振弥散加权成像显示，造模后3 h与6 h血栓组犬左侧大脑颞叶出现局部高信号。说明用椎动脉造影的方法选择经椎-基底动脉途径将微导管超选择插管至beagle 犬的左侧大脑中动脉行自体血栓栓塞可成功制作 beagle 犬急性脑梗死模型，这为选择插管精确栓死beagle犬大脑中动脉提供新方法。
배경：인견경내동맥입로지전만곡도대，정라선형，난이초선택삽관，목전견뇌경사모형왕왕종경내동맥관입자체혈전、명효해면등전새물질，저충방법건립적모형여인류적뇌경사발병궤제상차심원。추동맥조영가이청석현시대뇌혈관결구，가능회위견급성뇌경사모형적건립제공신적조건。목적：탐색용개입기술경추-기저동맥도경초선택삽관제작beagle견급성뇌경사모형적가행성。방법：장5지beagle견분위혈전조(n=3)여대조조(n=2)。혈전조견경고동맥천자삽관분별행주동맥궁、경총동맥여추동맥수자감영혈관조영검사，장2.7F미도관경추-기저동맥초선택삽관지좌측후교통동맥여경내동맥교통처，주입1조자체혈전조。대조조견주입괄량대비제。결과여결론：5지견좌、우측경총동맥조영가청석현시조대적경외동맥(10/10)급기분지，단지유5조(5/10)경내동맥재경총동맥조영시은약가견현영。경내동맥관경교세병형성일라선형혈관번。좌、우추동맥(10/10)조영가청석현시추-기저동맥、“Wil is”배、쌍측대뇌후동맥、대뇌중동맥화대뇌전동맥。균능장미도관경추-기저동맥초선택삽관지좌측후교통동맥여경내동맥교통처。자공진미산가권성상현시，조모후3 h여6 h혈전조견좌측대뇌섭협출현국부고신호。설명용추동맥조영적방법선택경추-기저동맥도경장미도관초선택삽관지beagle 견적좌측대뇌중동맥행자체혈전전새가성공제작 beagle 견급성뇌경사모형，저위선택삽관정학전사beagle견대뇌중동맥제공신방법。
BACKGROUND:It is difficult to perform superselective catheterization of the internal carotid artery in dogs because of the large bending and spiral shape of the interal carotid artery before entering into the skul. At present, the dog models of cerebral infarction established by injecting autologous blood clots and gelatin spongevia the internal carotid artery are far from the perspective of pathological mechanism of human patients with cerebral infarction. Aortography can visualize the structure of cerebral vessels and is likely to provide a new condition for the establishment of dog models of acute cerebral infarction. OBJECTIVE:To explore the feasibility of establishing cerebral infarction models in beagle dogs by superselective catheterizationvia the vertebral basilar artery. METHODS: Five beagle dogs were divided into thrombus group (n=3) and control group (n=2). The beagle dogs in the thrombus group were subjected to digital subtraction angiography of the aortic arch, bilateral common carotid arteries and vertebral arteries in addition to femoral arterial catheterization. The 2.7F micro-catheter was inserted into the convergence zone of the left posterior communicating artery and the internal carotid artery through the vertebrobasilar artery. An autologous blood clot was injected into the convergence zone. The dogs in the control group were injected with appropriate amount of contrast medium. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS:Through angiography of the left and right common carotid artery of five dogs, thick external carotid arteries (10/10) and their branches were clearly displayed, however, only five (5/10) internal carotid arteries were dimly present. A spiral vascular loop formed in the internal carotid artery with a smal-sized diameter. Through antiography of the left and right vertebral arteries (10/10) angiography, vertebral basilar artery, the circle of “Wilis”, bilateral posterior cerebral arteries, bilateral middle cerebral arteries and bilateral anterior cerebral arteries were clearly displayed, al these contribute to insertion of microcatheter into the convergence zone of the left posterior communicating artery and the internal carotid artery through the vertebrobasilar artery. High signal intensity of the left temporal lobe was shown on 3-hour and 6-hour diffusion weighted images.The results demonstrate that the beagle dog models of acute cerebral infarction can be successfuly established by injecting autologous blood clots into the left middle cerebral artery through a microcathter insertedvia the vertebrobasilar artery, which provides a new method of precisely occluding the middle cerebral artery of beagle dogs by catheterization.