CAJ | 학술논문

根据2012年5月(春季)、10月(秋季)2个季度月在杭州湾海域开展拖网渔业资源调查所获得的虾蟹类资料，用渔获率作为虾蟹类资源数量分布的指标，对杭州湾海域虾蟹类的种类组成、数量分布、优势种、生物多样性等群落结构特征进行了分析。结果表明：杭州湾海域春、秋季共捕获并鉴定出虾蟹类12种，隶属于3目6科9属，其中，虾类7种，蟹类4种，虾蛄1种；调查海域春、秋季的优势种均为安氏白虾Exopalaemon annandalei，根据虾蟹类的生活与生态习性分析得知，分布在本次调查海域的虾蟹类可分为2种生态类群，以广温低盐生态类群为主，广温广盐生态类群为辅；生物多样性分析表明，调查海域的丰富度指数(D)、均匀性指数(J′)和多样性指数(H′)均是秋季高于春季，这表明秋季虾蟹类群落的丰富度、均匀性与多样性都较春季高。另外，群落分析表明杭州湾虾蟹类群落结构单一；虾蟹类主要受温度、盐度、水深等环境因子影响，故其数量分布规律是春季在调查海域的内侧或者说中西部蟹类分布多且集中，而湾口处虾类分布较多，相反，秋季在湾口处蟹类分布较多，而虾类在内侧或者说中西部分布较多。
근거2012년5월(춘계)、10월(추계)2개계도월재항주만해역개전타망어업자원조사소획득적하해류자료，용어획솔작위하해류자원수량분포적지표，대항주만해역하해류적충류조성、수량분포、우세충、생물다양성등군락결구특정진행료분석。결과표명：항주만해역춘、추계공포획병감정출하해류12충，대속우3목6과9속，기중，하류7충，해류4충，하고1충；조사해역춘、추계적우세충균위안씨백하Exopalaemon annandalei，근거하해류적생활여생태습성분석득지，분포재본차조사해역적하해류가분위2충생태류군，이엄온저염생태류군위주，엄온엄염생태류군위보；생물다양성분석표명，조사해역적봉부도지수(D)、균균성지수(J′)화다양성지수(H′)균시추계고우춘계，저표명추계하해류군락적봉부도、균균성여다양성도교춘계고。령외，군락분석표명항주만하해류군락결구단일；하해류주요수온도、염도、수심등배경인자영향，고기수량분포규률시춘계재조사해역적내측혹자설중서부해류분포다차집중，이만구처하류분포교다，상반，추계재만구처해류분포교다，이하류재내측혹자설중서부분포교다。
Adopted in May(spring), October(autumn) 2012 in the Hangzhou bay to carry out single trawl fish-ery resources survey data obtained the crustacean, the crustacean with catch rates as indicators of the distribution of the number of resources ,species composition ,dominant species, community structure and diversity. The results show that:12 crustacea species were found and identified in spring and autumn, which belonged to 3 orders, 6 fam-ilies and 9 genera. Including 7 species of shrimp, 4 species of crab and 1 species of squilid. Exopalaemon annan-dalei is the most important dominant species in the Hangzhou bay. The eurythermal and hypohaline community was main, and a eurythermal and eurysaline was minor in the survey area. In different seasons ,the biodiversity analysis shows that the autumn’s species diversity (H′), species richness (D) and evenness (J′) higher than spring’s. Plus, the analysis of community showed that Hangzhou bay crustacean community species is single;Crustacea is mainly in-fluenced by physical factors (such as temperature, salinity, water depth, etc.). So distribution of the catch rates showed that more crabs were caught at top of bay, i.e. mid-west of the survey area while more shrimps were caught at the mouth of the bay in spring. The opposite was happened in autumn.