CAJ | 학술논문

目的：了解北京市中式餐馆控烟措施及烟草烟雾暴露情况，为评估《北京市控制吸烟条例》实施后餐馆控烟效果提供基线数据。方法采用分层多阶段抽样的方法，以顾客身份用自行设计的调查表对75家餐馆的控烟环境、吸烟现象进行暗访观察；使用国际上通用的 Side Pak AM510个人型气溶胶监测仪对各监测点的细颗粒物（PM2.5）浓度进行监测。使用 SPSS 12.0软件进行构成比、χ2检验等统计分析。结果75家餐馆中，全面禁烟餐馆15家（20.0％）；部分禁烟餐馆2家（2.7％）；未禁烟餐馆58家（77.3％）。12家（16.0％）在入口处设置了禁烟标识／提示，43家（57.3％）在餐厅大堂设置了禁烟标识／提示。45家餐馆大堂或卫生间出现吸烟现象，占观察总数的60.0％。全面禁烟餐馆的禁烟标识张贴情况好于未禁烟餐馆，差异具有统计学意义（P ＜0.01）。35家餐馆 PM2.5值异常，占46.7％；全面禁烟餐馆室内 PM2.5值异常的比例低于未禁烟餐馆，差异具有统计学意义（P ＜0.05）。结论目前北京市中式餐馆中已经有一定比例的餐馆主动实行禁烟措施，但禁烟标识张贴不充足，禁烟环境营造不够。餐馆室内吸烟现象比例仍较高，但实行全面禁烟餐馆的控烟效果好于无禁烟规定的餐馆。
목적：료해북경시중식찬관공연조시급연초연무폭로정황，위평고《북경시공제흡연조례》실시후찬관공연효과제공기선수거。방법채용분층다계단추양적방법，이고객신빈용자행설계적조사표대75가찬관적공연배경、흡연현상진행암방관찰；사용국제상통용적 Side Pak AM510개인형기용효감측의대각감측점적세과립물（PM2.5）농도진행감측。사용 SPSS 12.0연건진행구성비、χ2검험등통계분석。결과75가찬관중，전면금연찬관15가（20.0％）；부분금연찬관2가（2.7％）；미금연찬관58가（77.3％）。12가（16.0％）재입구처설치료금연표식／제시，43가（57.3％）재찬청대당설치료금연표식／제시。45가찬관대당혹위생간출현흡연현상，점관찰총수적60.0％。전면금연찬관적금연표식장첩정황호우미금연찬관，차이구유통계학의의（P ＜0.01）。35가찬관 PM2.5치이상，점46.7％；전면금연찬관실내 PM2.5치이상적비례저우미금연찬관，차이구유통계학의의（P ＜0.05）。결론목전북경시중식찬관중이경유일정비례적찬관주동실행금연조시，단금연표식장첩불충족，금연배경영조불구。찬관실내흡연현상비례잉교고，단실행전면금연찬관적공연효과호우무금연규정적찬관。
Objective To investigate the current smoking regulations and their impacts on tobacco smoke levels of Chinese restaurants in Beijing,and to provide the baseline data after the Regulations on Smoking Controlling of Beijing was implemented.Methods 75 restaurants in Beijing were selected by probability proportionate to size (PPS ) sam-pling.Smoking controlling environment and smoking phenomenon were investigated and observed by investigators as customers with self-designed questionnaire.TSI Side Pak AM510 was used to monitor the level of fine particles less than 2.5 microns in diameter (PM2.5 )in each restaurant.Composition ratio,χ2 test and other statistical analysis were used to analyze the data by SPSS 12.0 software.Results Of the 75 restaurants surveyed,15 restaurants (20.0%)had complete smoking prohibi-ting rules,2 (2.7%) had partial rules, and 58 (77.3%) had no rules for smoking prohibition.12 restaurants (16.0%)posted the ‘No Smoking’signs or hints at the entrance,and 43 (57.3%) posted the signs or hints in the dining hall.Smoking phenomenon was observed in toilets or dining hall in 45 restaurants,accounting for 60% of all observa-tions.The differences of the presence of ‘No Smoking’signs or hints between the restaurants with complete prohibiting smok-ing rules and no rules were significant (P <0.01).The level of PM2.5 in 35 restaurants (46.7%)was abnormal.The pro-portion of restaurants with complete smoking prohibiting rules which had abnormal level of PM2.5 was lower than the restau-rants had no rules,the differences was significance (P <0.05).Conclusion By now,there was a certain proportion of Chinese restaurants which implement the smoking regulation actively,while there were not enough ‘No Smoking’signs or hints,and more should be done to promote the no smoking environment.The indoor smoking was still frequently be observed in restaurants,while the effect of smoking regulation in restaurants which had complete smoking prohibiting rules was better than the restaurants which had none.