CAJ | 학술논문

采用极性从低到高的5种有机溶剂对微生物发酵床养猪中垫料的物质组分进行梯度萃取，物质提取率乙醇＞丙酮＞乙酸乙酯＞氯仿＞石油醚。采用气相色谱质谱联用（GC-MS）对不同溶剂层的物质组分进行分析鉴定。研究结果显示，垫料中的物质组分以酯类物质和烃类物质为主，其中石油醚和氯仿对低极性的酯类物质和长链烷烃的提取效果较好，但氯仿层提取的种类更多，对不饱和烃的提取效果要优于石油醚层；乙酸乙酯对烯烃类化合物（包括多环芳烃）有较好的提取效果；丙酮适合全物质提取，对垫料中低极性的烷烃组分到高极性酯组分的提取效果均较好；乙醇溶剂适合极性较高的酯类物质的提取。
채용겁성종저도고적5충유궤용제대미생물발효상양저중점료적물질조분진행제도췌취，물질제취솔을순＞병동＞을산을지＞록방＞석유미。채용기상색보질보련용（GC-MS）대불동용제층적물질조분진행분석감정。연구결과현시，점료중적물질조분이지류물질화경류물질위주，기중석유미화록방대저겁성적지류물질화장련완경적제취효과교호，단록방층제취적충류경다，대불포화경적제취효과요우우석유미층；을산을지대희경류화합물（포괄다배방경）유교호적제취효과；병동괄합전물질제취，대점료중저겁성적완경조분도고겁성지조분적제취효과균교호；을순용제괄합겁성교고적지류물질적제취。
Samples from the fermentation beds in pig barns were extracted with petroleum ether,chloroform,ethyl acetate,acetone and ethanol.The quantities extracted by the various solvents were in the order of ethanol>acetone> ethyl acetate > chloroform > petroleum ether.Compositions of these extracts were determined using GC-MS. Esters and hydrocarbons were the main substances in the bedding materials.Petroleum ether and chloroform could more effectively extract the low polar esters and long-chain alkanes,and chloroform produced more compounds and unsaturated hydrocarbons than the others.The ethyl acetate extracts showed more olefin compounds (including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons)than those obtained by other 4 solvents.Since acetone could effectively extract both alkanes and esters in a wide range of polarity,it was considered the selected solvent for the substance extraction.On the other hand,ethanol could be used to specifically extract high polarity esters.