CAJ | 학술논문

为将农业副产物———微生物发酵床养猪垫料废弃物（简称垫料）替代草炭应用于新型育苗基质，拟建一套通过垫料浸提液快速筛选基质配方的方法。将2种不同使用年限的垫料分别提取浸提液并梯度稀释后检测其对甜瓜、黄瓜、白菜、甘蓝、番茄和辣椒6类种子的发芽影响；同时参照浸提液稀释浓度，用垫料与椰壳粉按比例配制成基质，穴盘育苗检测基质对种苗生长的影响；分析2个试验之间的相关性。结果表明：供试基质各理化性质基本符合理想基质要求。最适宜种子发芽的浸提液质量分数均为30％，发芽率都在97％以上；同时最适宜种苗生长的基质中垫料含量为30％（体积比），出苗率均达85％以上。相关性分析表明：垫料浸提液对种子的发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数与基质对种苗的出苗率和成苗率具显著正相关性。由此推导筛选基质配方的快速方法：通过检测不同浓度的垫料浸提液对作物种子的发芽影响，筛选最适种子生长的浓度，依据该浓度推导最佳基质配方中垫料含量。
위장농업부산물———미생물발효상양저점료폐기물（간칭점료）체대초탄응용우신형육묘기질，의건일투통과점료침제액쾌속사선기질배방적방법。장2충불동사용년한적점료분별제취침제액병제도희석후검측기대첨과、황과、백채、감람、번가화랄초6류충자적발아영향；동시삼조침제액희석농도，용점료여야각분안비례배제성기질，혈반육묘검측기질대충묘생장적영향；분석2개시험지간적상관성。결과표명：공시기질각이화성질기본부합이상기질요구。최괄의충자발아적침제액질량분수균위30％，발아솔도재97％이상；동시최괄의충묘생장적기질중점료함량위30％（체적비），출묘솔균체85％이상。상관성분석표명：점료침제액대충자적발아솔、발아지수、활력지수여기질대충묘적출묘솔화성묘솔구현저정상관성。유차추도사선기질배방적쾌속방법：통과검측불동농도적점료침제액대작물충자적발아영향，사선최괄충자생장적농도，의거해농도추도최가기질배방중점료함량。
A new type of substrates for vegetable seed germination and seedling development was experimented using the fermentation bed wastes from pig farms.The physical and chemical properties of the tested substrate met all the basic requirements for the cultivation of seedlings.To optimize the formulation of such substrates,a rapid method was explored.The bedding materials after being used in pig barns for about one or half a year were extracted and diluted with water into a series of solutions of varied concentrations.The solutions were applied on the seeds of melon,cucumber,cabbage,kale,tomato and chili pepper to determine the performances on the seed germination and seedling development.Concurrently,seeds of the same vegetables were planted in the same fermented bedding waste mixed with powdered coconut shell.By comparing the effects of the two sets of cultivation media,a correlation between them was obtained.The highest seed germination rate of greater than 97% was found when the 30% extracted solution was used,while on the solid substrate,higher than 85% germination was observed when 30% bedding material was mixed in the substrate.A correlation analysis showed that the extracted solution significantly correlated with the solid substrate with respect to the seed germination percentage,germination indices, vigor index,germination rate and seedling rate of the vegetables.Thus,it appeared that the extracted solution method could be applied for effective formula optimization in the utilization of the bedding waste from pig farms.