植物保护
植物保護
식물보호
Plant Protection
2015年
5期
100-104
,共5页
陈帅民%芦帆%张璨%张佳%张国珍
陳帥民%蘆帆%張璨%張佳%張國珍
진수민%호범%장찬%장가%장국진
草莓%灰葡萄孢%异菌脲%抗药性%BcOS 1 基因
草莓%灰葡萄孢%異菌脲%抗藥性%BcOS 1 基因
초매%회포도포%이균뇨%항약성%BcOS 1 기인
strawberry%Botrytis cinerea%iprodione%fungicide resistance%BcOS 1 gene
由灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea Pers.)引起的草莓灰霉病是草莓上危害严重的病害之一。为了解北京地区草莓灰霉病菌对二甲酰亚胺类常用杀菌剂异菌脲的抗性,本研究采用最低抑制浓度法分别检测了2013年和2014年从北京地区15个草莓园采集的共计121株草莓灰霉病菌对异菌脲的抗性。结果表明,北京地区草莓灰霉病菌对异菌脲存在较高的抗性频率,2014年较2013年的抗性频率略有上升,由40.4%上升为45.3%。不同草莓园菌株的抗性频率差异很大,可能与用药水平有关。2014年的低抗、中抗和高抗菌株数分别占检测菌株总数的9.4%、28.1%和7.8%。利用 PCR 技术扩增编码组氨酸激酶基因 BcOS 1中与二甲酰亚胺抗性相关的区段,对抗性菌株的分子机制进行了初步研究,结果表明 BcOS 1基因第1214位核苷酸发生了2类突变：以第Ⅰ类为主,菌株的抗性水平为中抗和高抗,由 ATC 突变为 AGC,导致第365位氨基酸由异亮氨酸变为丝氨酸；第Ⅱ类菌株为低抗,由 ATC 突变AAC,导致第365位氨基酸由异亮氨酸变为天冬酰胺。
由灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea Pers.)引起的草莓灰黴病是草莓上危害嚴重的病害之一。為瞭解北京地區草莓灰黴病菌對二甲酰亞胺類常用殺菌劑異菌脲的抗性,本研究採用最低抑製濃度法分彆檢測瞭2013年和2014年從北京地區15箇草莓園採集的共計121株草莓灰黴病菌對異菌脲的抗性。結果錶明,北京地區草莓灰黴病菌對異菌脲存在較高的抗性頻率,2014年較2013年的抗性頻率略有上升,由40.4%上升為45.3%。不同草莓園菌株的抗性頻率差異很大,可能與用藥水平有關。2014年的低抗、中抗和高抗菌株數分彆佔檢測菌株總數的9.4%、28.1%和7.8%。利用 PCR 技術擴增編碼組氨痠激酶基因 BcOS 1中與二甲酰亞胺抗性相關的區段,對抗性菌株的分子機製進行瞭初步研究,結果錶明 BcOS 1基因第1214位覈苷痠髮生瞭2類突變：以第Ⅰ類為主,菌株的抗性水平為中抗和高抗,由 ATC 突變為 AGC,導緻第365位氨基痠由異亮氨痠變為絲氨痠；第Ⅱ類菌株為低抗,由 ATC 突變AAC,導緻第365位氨基痠由異亮氨痠變為天鼕酰胺。
유회포도포(Botrytis cinerea Pers.)인기적초매회매병시초매상위해엄중적병해지일。위료해북경지구초매회매병균대이갑선아알류상용살균제이균뇨적항성,본연구채용최저억제농도법분별검측료2013년화2014년종북경지구15개초매완채집적공계121주초매회매병균대이균뇨적항성。결과표명,북경지구초매회매병균대이균뇨존재교고적항성빈솔,2014년교2013년적항성빈솔략유상승,유40.4%상승위45.3%。불동초매완균주적항성빈솔차이흔대,가능여용약수평유관。2014년적저항、중항화고항균주수분별점검측균주총수적9.4%、28.1%화7.8%。이용 PCR 기술확증편마조안산격매기인 BcOS 1중여이갑선아알항성상관적구단,대항성균주적분자궤제진행료초보연구,결과표명 BcOS 1기인제1214위핵감산발생료2류돌변：이제Ⅰ류위주,균주적항성수평위중항화고항,유 ATC 돌변위 AGC,도치제365위안기산유이량안산변위사안산；제Ⅱ류균주위저항,유 ATC 돌변AAC,도치제365위안기산유이량안산변위천동선알。
The grey mold caused by Botrytis cinerea Pers.is one of the most destructive diseases in strawberry.In this study,a total of 121 B .cinerea isolates collected from 1 5 strawberry gardens in Beijing during 2013 and 2014 were tested for their resistance to iprodione by MIC.The results indicated that the frequency of iprodione-resist-ance of the isolates from Beijing was higher and reached 45.3% in 2014 compared with 40.4% in 2013.The fre-quency of iprodione-resistance of the isolates was obviously different in different strawberry gardens and it might be related with the fungicide usage.The proportion of low-,middle-and high-resistant isolates in tested isolates collected in 2014 was 9.4%,28.1% and 7.8%,respectively.Iprodione-resistant molecular mechanism of the iso-lates was primarily studied by amplifying gene BcOS 1 encoding histidine kinase using PCR.The results showed that two types of mutation occurring at position 1 214 of gene BcOS 1 nucleotide sequence were found:one was ATC→AGC,leading to mutation from 3 6 5 Ile to Ser,and the resistance level of the isolates was middle and high;the oth-er was ATC →AAC,leading to mutation from 365 Ile to Asn,and the resistance level of the isolates was low and high.
