植物保护
植物保護
식물보호
Plant Protection
2015年
5期
169-173
,共5页
黄瑾%黄苗苗%李亚凯%曹辛未%贾秋珍%张勃%孙振宇%骆惠生%王晓明%曹世勤%金社林
黃瑾%黃苗苗%李亞凱%曹辛未%賈鞦珍%張勃%孫振宇%駱惠生%王曉明%曹世勤%金社林
황근%황묘묘%리아개%조신미%가추진%장발%손진우%락혜생%왕효명%조세근%금사림
小麦白粉病菌%毒性频率%品种%抗病性
小麥白粉病菌%毒性頻率%品種%抗病性
소맥백분병균%독성빈솔%품충%항병성
wheat powdery mildew%virulent gene frequency%cultivar%resistance
由 Blumeria graminis f.sp.tritici 引起的小麦白粉病是危害甘肃省小麦安全生产的重要病害之一,分析病原菌毒性结构和抗病基因有效性对于指导白粉病的有效控制具有重要意义。2013年对甘肃省小麦白粉菌群体进行毒性分析结果表明,91个供试菌系中,对 Pm1、Pm2、Pm3a、Pm3b、Pm3c 、Pm3d 、Pm3e 、Pm3f、Pm4a、Pm4b、Pm5a、Pm6、Pm7、Pm8、Pm19、Pm33、Pm5+Pm6、Pm4+Pm8、Pm4b +Pm5b 和 PmEra 的毒力频率达到70%以上,已无利用价值；对 Pm13、Pm16、Pm21和 Pm24的毒性频率在15%以下,尚可利用。选用甘肃省不同毒性谱的单孢堆菌系,对35个甘肃省及国内生产品种(系)进行苗期致病性测定,发现仅有‘绵麦37’具有优异抗病性。供试白粉菌系对‘定西40号’等22个品种(系)的毒性频率达到60%以上,甘肃省及中国生产品种中,苗期抗病品种(系)匮乏。
由 Blumeria graminis f.sp.tritici 引起的小麥白粉病是危害甘肅省小麥安全生產的重要病害之一,分析病原菌毒性結構和抗病基因有效性對于指導白粉病的有效控製具有重要意義。2013年對甘肅省小麥白粉菌群體進行毒性分析結果錶明,91箇供試菌繫中,對 Pm1、Pm2、Pm3a、Pm3b、Pm3c 、Pm3d 、Pm3e 、Pm3f、Pm4a、Pm4b、Pm5a、Pm6、Pm7、Pm8、Pm19、Pm33、Pm5+Pm6、Pm4+Pm8、Pm4b +Pm5b 和 PmEra 的毒力頻率達到70%以上,已無利用價值；對 Pm13、Pm16、Pm21和 Pm24的毒性頻率在15%以下,尚可利用。選用甘肅省不同毒性譜的單孢堆菌繫,對35箇甘肅省及國內生產品種(繫)進行苗期緻病性測定,髮現僅有‘綿麥37’具有優異抗病性。供試白粉菌繫對‘定西40號’等22箇品種(繫)的毒性頻率達到60%以上,甘肅省及中國生產品種中,苗期抗病品種(繫)匱乏。
유 Blumeria graminis f.sp.tritici 인기적소맥백분병시위해감숙성소맥안전생산적중요병해지일,분석병원균독성결구화항병기인유효성대우지도백분병적유효공제구유중요의의。2013년대감숙성소맥백분균군체진행독성분석결과표명,91개공시균계중,대 Pm1、Pm2、Pm3a、Pm3b、Pm3c 、Pm3d 、Pm3e 、Pm3f、Pm4a、Pm4b、Pm5a、Pm6、Pm7、Pm8、Pm19、Pm33、Pm5+Pm6、Pm4+Pm8、Pm4b +Pm5b 화 PmEra 적독력빈솔체도70%이상,이무이용개치；대 Pm13、Pm16、Pm21화 Pm24적독성빈솔재15%이하,상가이용。선용감숙성불동독성보적단포퇴균계,대35개감숙성급국내생산품충(계)진행묘기치병성측정,발현부유‘면맥37’구유우이항병성。공시백분균계대‘정서40호’등22개품충(계)적독성빈솔체도60%이상,감숙성급중국생산품충중,묘기항병품충(계)궤핍。
Powdery mildew caused by Blumeria graminis f.sp.tritici (Bgt)is one of the most important diseases that damage wheat production in China.It is important to control powdery mildew by analyzing virulence struc-ture and effectiveness of resistance genes.This study was conducted to test virulence structures of 91 isolates col-lected from Gansu Province in 2013.The results of virulence survey revealed that the virulence frequencies of the resistance genes Pm 1,Pm 2,Pm 3a ,Pm 3b ,Pm 3c ,Pm 3d ,Pm 3e ,Pm 3f ,Pm 4a ,Pm 4b ,Pm 5a ,Pm 6,Pm 7, Pm 8,Pm 1 9,Pm 33,Pm 5+Pm 6,Pm 4+Pm 8,Pm 4b +Pm 5b and PmEra reached more than 70%,respective-ly,indicating that these resistant genes could not be used as mildew resistance sources any more.The virulence fre-quencies of the mildew population tested to the resistance genes Pm 13,Pm 1 6,Pm 21 and Pm 24 were lower than 1 5%,and these genes could still be used in breeding for mildew resistance.By artificially inoculating 91 Gansu Bgt isolates with different virulent spectrum at seedling stage,the resistance to 35 wheat varieties from Gansu and oth-er provinces were evaluated.The results showed that only ‘Mianmai 37’was immune to all isolates,with a viru-lence frequency of 60% and more to 22 wheat varieties,including ‘Dingxi 40’.The resistant wheat cultivars in seedling stage were absent in Gansu Province and China.
