CAJ | 학술논문

采用浑水控制方程, 建立了基于耦合解法的一维非恒定非均匀沙数学模型, 用于模拟高含沙洪水演进时的河床冲淤过程. 然后采用黄河下游游荡段1977年7—8月实测高含沙洪水资料对该模型进行率定, 基于水沙耦合解法的各水文断面流量、总含沙量及分组含沙量的计算过程与实测过程符合更好, 计算的沿程最高水位及累计河段冲淤量与实测值也较为符合. 最后还采用2004年8月高含沙洪水资料对该模型进行了验证. 模型率定及验证计算结果表明, 采用一维水沙耦合模型计算高含沙洪水过程, 能取得较高的精度.
채용혼수공제방정, 건립료기우우합해법적일유비항정비균균사수학모형, 용우모의고함사홍수연진시적하상충어과정. 연후채용황하하유유탕단1977년7—8월실측고함사홍수자료대해모형진행솔정, 기우수사우합해법적각수문단면류량、 총함사량급분조함사량적계산과정여실측과정부합경호, 계산적연정최고수위급루계하단충어량여실측치야교위부합. 최후환채용2004년8월고함사홍수자료대해모형진행료험증. 모형솔정급험증계산결과표명, 채용일유수사우합모형계산고함사홍수과정, 능취득교고적정도.
Hyperconcentrated sediment-laden floods usually occur in the Lower Yellow River ( LYR ) during rainy seasons. During these floods, extreme high water levels and strong channel scour in local reaches often occur, which may cause the damage to the safety of flood control engineering. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt one-dimensional ( 1-D) morphodynamic models to simulate hyperconcentrated floods and corresponding channel evolution in the LYR. In the current study, a 1-D coupled morphodynamic model has been developed to simulate hyperconcentrated floods. In this model, the standard Saint-Venant equations are modified, and the sediment concentration and bed evolution terms are directly included in the modified equations. These equations are used together with the non-equilibrium transport equation for graded sediments and the equation of bed evolution. Since the governing equations are solved jointly, the hydrodynamic, sediment transport and morphological parameters are obtained simultaneously. The model was first applied to simulate a hyperconcentrated flood event occurring in 1977 in the LYR, with the field measured data of discharge, total and graded sediment concentrations at hydrometric sections being used to calibrate the model. It was then used to predict the discharge and sediment concentration hydrographs in the 2004 flood event, again using the field measured data to verify the model. Close agreement was obtained between the model predictions based on the coupled solution and the observed data.