CAJ | 학술논문

纵观世界各国生态环境保护政府行政管理体制实践以及我国建立现代国家治理体系的要求，我国生态环境政府管理体制应该包括决策、执行、监督、协调和提供环境公共物品等五大主要职责，体现为决策力、执行力、监督力、协调力和生产力等“五力”。遵循生态环境保护治理体系原理、职责分配和事权划分原则，本研究提出资源与环境统筹的环境与资源部、生态保护与污染防治一体化的生态与环境部、强化生态保护与污染防治监管的环境部、深化改革现行生态环境管理体制的环境保护部等四种改革方案。根据四种改革方案的“生态环境保护效果”、“协调性要求”和“实现难易程度”，建议在深化改革现行生态环境管理体制的环境保护部基础上，启动强化生态保护与污染防治监管的环境部改革方案。
종관세계각국생태배경보호정부행정관리체제실천이급아국건립현대국가치리체계적요구，아국생태배경정부관리체제응해포괄결책、집행、감독、협조화제공배경공공물품등오대주요직책，체현위결책력、집행력、감독력、협조력화생산력등“오력”。준순생태배경보호치리체계원리、직책분배화사권화분원칙，본연구제출자원여배경통주적배경여자원부、생태보호여오염방치일체화적생태여배경부、강화생태보호여오염방치감관적배경부、심화개혁현행생태배경관리체제적배경보호부등사충개혁방안。근거사충개혁방안적“생태배경보호효과”、“협조성요구”화“실현난역정도”，건의재심화개혁현행생태배경관리체제적배경보호부기출상，계동강화생태보호여오염방치감관적배경부개혁방안。
Throughout the eco-environmental protection administration around the world, and to meet the requirement of building modern state governance in China, Chinese eco-environmental protection administration should include five main responsibilities—decision-making, execution, supervision, coordination and provision of environmental public goods, which are embodied in fi ve kinds of government abilities—decision-making ability, executive ability, supervision ability, coordination ability, and productivity, respectively. According to the principle of eco-environment protection management system, responsibility assignment and division of administrative rights, this study developed four proposed reform schemes. The Ministry of the Environment and Resources with planning resources and the environment as a whole, The Ministry of Ecology and the Environment with unifying ecological protection and pollution prevention & control, The Ministry of the Environment with strengthening the supervision of ecological protection and pollution prevention & control, The Ministry of Environmental Protection with deepening the reform of the existing eco-environment management system. According to the assessment of eco-environmental protection effect, coordination requirements and reform diffi culty levels of these four reform schemes, suggested that on the basis of deepening the reform of the existing eco-environment management system, we should initiate the reform scheme to establish The Ministry of the Environment with strengthening the supervision of ecological protection and pollution prevention & control.