中国环境管理
中國環境管理
중국배경관리
Environmental conformity Assessment
2015年
5期
50-53
,共4页
雷宇%薛文博%张衍燊%许艳玲
雷宇%薛文博%張衍燊%許豔玲
뢰우%설문박%장연신%허염령
大气污染%行动计划%PM2.5%健康效益
大氣汙染%行動計劃%PM2.5%健康效益
대기오염%행동계화%PM2.5%건강효익
air pollution%action plan%PM2.5%health benefi t
为了提高空气质量改善进程，2013年国家发布了《大气污染防治行动计划》。本文基于空气污染与健康效益评估模型（BenMAP），对人口分布资料、大气污染与人体健康影响的暴露反应关系等进行了本土化修正，采用“支付意愿法”与“疾病成本法”相结合的方法，系统评估了《大气污染防治行动计划》实施后，PM2.5污染变化引起的环境健康效益。研究结果表明，《大气污染防治行动计划》的实施将在一定程度上降低PM2.5环境浓度，改善环境空气质量。如果《大气污染防治行动计划》空气质量目标全面实现，可以避免城镇8.9万居民的过早死亡，减少12万人次住院治疗以及941万人次的门诊和急诊病例，实现的全国健康效益约为867亿元/年，说明了《大气污染防治行动计划》实施的健康有益性。本文对政府部门开展污染损失评估及制定环境健康政策具有重要的参考价值。
為瞭提高空氣質量改善進程，2013年國傢髮佈瞭《大氣汙染防治行動計劃》。本文基于空氣汙染與健康效益評估模型（BenMAP），對人口分佈資料、大氣汙染與人體健康影響的暴露反應關繫等進行瞭本土化脩正，採用“支付意願法”與“疾病成本法”相結閤的方法，繫統評估瞭《大氣汙染防治行動計劃》實施後，PM2.5汙染變化引起的環境健康效益。研究結果錶明，《大氣汙染防治行動計劃》的實施將在一定程度上降低PM2.5環境濃度，改善環境空氣質量。如果《大氣汙染防治行動計劃》空氣質量目標全麵實現，可以避免城鎮8.9萬居民的過早死亡，減少12萬人次住院治療以及941萬人次的門診和急診病例，實現的全國健康效益約為867億元/年，說明瞭《大氣汙染防治行動計劃》實施的健康有益性。本文對政府部門開展汙染損失評估及製定環境健康政策具有重要的參攷價值。
위료제고공기질량개선진정，2013년국가발포료《대기오염방치행동계화》。본문기우공기오염여건강효익평고모형（BenMAP），대인구분포자료、대기오염여인체건강영향적폭로반응관계등진행료본토화수정，채용“지부의원법”여“질병성본법”상결합적방법，계통평고료《대기오염방치행동계화》실시후，PM2.5오염변화인기적배경건강효익。연구결과표명，《대기오염방치행동계화》적실시장재일정정도상강저PM2.5배경농도，개선배경공기질량。여과《대기오염방치행동계화》공기질량목표전면실현，가이피면성진8.9만거민적과조사망，감소12만인차주원치료이급941만인차적문진화급진병례，실현적전국건강효익약위867억원/년，설명료《대기오염방치행동계화》실시적건강유익성。본문대정부부문개전오염손실평고급제정배경건강정책구유중요적삼고개치。
The Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan was released in 2013 in order to improve air quality rapidly. Health benefi ts from the reduction of PM2.5 pollution achieved by implementing the Plan were assessed with BenMAP model, which was optimized by means of revising population distribution data and exposure response relationship between air pollution and human health, combining the method of willingness to pay and the disease cost method. The results showed that the average PM2.5 concentration would decline and air quality would improve to some extent. Based on the assumption that China would be able to fulfi ll the plan’s targets in 2017, 89,000 premature deaths would be saved, and then 120,000 hospital admissions and 9.41 million hospital outpatients and emergency room visits would be r educed. The total health benefi t would be approximately 86.7 billion RMB per year. All of these illustrated the health benefits of the implementation of the Plan. It is helpful to the government departments to carry out the pollution damage assessment and environmental health policy.
