CAJ | 학술논문

目的：分析川东北地区2009～2013年输血前、术前及产前4项感染性疾病血清标志物的检出情况，了解疾病发展趋势，及时发现潜在传染源，保障患者及医务人员自身安全，同时避免不必要的医患纠纷。方法采用微粒子化学发光的方法检测川北医学院附属医院2009年1月至2013年12月153169例患者输血前、术前及产前乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）、丙型肝炎抗体（抗‐HCV）、梅毒螺旋体抗体（抗‐TP）、人类免疫缺陷病毒抗体（抗‐HIV1／2），并分析其结果。结果153169例患者中HBsAg阳性率为12．24％，抗‐HCV阳性率0．40％、抗‐T P阳性率2．91％、抗‐HIV1／2初筛阳性率0．26％。感染者中男性患者阳性率为17．82％，女性患者阳性率为13．75％，两性阳性率差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。2009～2013年 HBsAg、抗‐HCV阳性率呈明显下降趋势（P＝0．000），抗‐HIV1／2初筛阳性率呈明显上升趋势（P＝0．001）。结论川东北地区输血前、术前及产前 HBsAg、抗‐HCV、抗‐TP和抗‐HIV1／2检出阳性率较高，且男性阳性率高于女性，表明加强该地区筛查具有较为重要的意义，既可对感染者采取适当的防治措施，又可保护患者及医护人员自身的安全，减少医院感染，同时也为解决可能的医患纠纷提供一定的依据。
목적：분석천동북지구2009～2013년수혈전、술전급산전4항감염성질병혈청표지물적검출정황，료해질병발전추세，급시발현잠재전염원，보장환자급의무인원자신안전，동시피면불필요적의환규분。방법채용미입자화학발광적방법검측천북의학원부속의원2009년1월지2013년12월153169례환자수혈전、술전급산전을형간염표면항원（HBsAg）、병형간염항체（항‐HCV）、매독라선체항체（항‐TP）、인류면역결함병독항체（항‐HIV1／2），병분석기결과。결과153169례환자중HBsAg양성솔위12．24％，항‐HCV양성솔0．40％、항‐T P양성솔2．91％、항‐HIV1／2초사양성솔0．26％。감염자중남성환자양성솔위17．82％，녀성환자양성솔위13．75％，량성양성솔차이유통계학의의（P＜0．05）。2009～2013년 HBsAg、항‐HCV양성솔정명현하강추세（P＝0．000），항‐HIV1／2초사양성솔정명현상승추세（P＝0．001）。결론천동북지구수혈전、술전급산전 HBsAg、항‐HCV、항‐TP화항‐HIV1／2검출양성솔교고，차남성양성솔고우녀성，표명가강해지구사사구유교위중요적의의，기가대감염자채취괄당적방치조시，우가보호환자급의호인원자신적안전，감소의원감염，동시야위해결가능적의환규분제공일정적의거。
Objective To analyze the detection situation of serological markers of four infection diseases before blood transfusion ,before operation and before delivery in order to understand the disease development trend ,timely find the potential infection sources ,ensure the security of patients and medical staff ,at the same time avoid unneces‐sary medical dispute .Methods HBsAg ,anti‐HCV antibody ,anti‐TP antibody and anti‐HIV antibody before transfu‐sion ,before operation and before delivery in 153 169 patients in Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College from January 2009 to December 2013 were detected by chemiluminesent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA) .Results Among 153 169 patients ,the positive rates of HBsAg ,anti‐HCV antibody ,anti‐T P antibody and anti‐HIV antibody were 12 .24% ,0 .40% ,2 .91% and 0 .26% respectively .And the positive rate of male patients was 17 .82% ,while which of female patients was 13 .75% ,the difference was statistically significant (P< 0 .05) .The positive rates of HBsAg and anti‐HCV antibody showed the decreasing trend from 2009 to 2013(P=0 .000) ,but the positive rate of anti‐HIV 1/2 preliminary screening demonstrated the obviously increasing trend (P=0 .001) .Conclusion The posi‐tive rates of the serological markers detection of four infection diseases before transfusion ,before operation and before delivery in north‐east Sichuan area are higher ,moreover the positive rate of males is higher than that of females ,indi‐cating that strengthening the screening in this area has an important significance ,which not only can adopt the suit‐able preventive measure in infected individuals ,but also protects the safety of patients and medical staff ,reduces the nosocomial infections and provides certain basis for solving possible doctor‐patient disputes .