CAJ | 학술논문

目的了解口腔颌面部新鲜骨折患者的流行病学特点.方法收集2008年1月至2013年12月北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院口腔颌面外科收治的1 009例口腔颌面部新鲜骨折的临床资料,将数据录入SPSS 21.0软件,分析新鲜骨折的高峰年龄、致伤原因、骨折部位、致伤时间的特点.结果 1 009例新鲜骨折中男:女为2.94:1,20～29岁(338例,33.5％)为高峰年龄,致伤原因以交通伤居首位(424例,42.0％),其次是摔伤(250例,24.8％)和暴力伤(128例,12.7％).2008至2013年新鲜骨折病例数逐渐增加,各种致伤原因的患者在20～29岁均达到高峰,因年代、月份不同呈现时间规律性变化.骨折部位以单纯下颌骨骨折居首(536例,53.1％),其次为颧骨复合体骨折(233例,23.1％).骨折合并神经损伤中,眶下神经受累最多(144例);合并全身损伤中,四肢损伤最多见(77例),其次为胸部(65例)和颅脑(57例)损伤;交通事故引发的全身合并伤最多(127处),其次为高坠伤(32处).Logistic回归分析表明高坠伤、摔伤是下颌骨、髁突骨折共同的危险因素(OR＞1,P＜0.05),年龄是二者的保护因素(OR＜1,P＜0.05).结论口腔颌面部新鲜骨折以青年人最多见,交通伤为主要致伤原因,致伤原因呈规律性变化.眶下神经常受累,合并损伤中四肢损伤最常见,治疗时应注意检查眶下区及四肢.交通伤患者应注意检查有无全身合并伤,高坠伤、摔伤患者应特别注意下颌骨及髁突有无骨折.
목적 료해구강합면부신선골절환자적류행병학특점.방법 수집2008년1월지2013년12월북경대학구강의학원·구강의원구강합면외과수치적1 009례구강합면부신선골절적림상자료,장수거록입SPSS 21.0연건,분석신선골절적고봉년령、치상원인、골절부위、치상시간적특점.결과 1 009례신선골절중남:녀위2.94:1,20～29세(338례,33.5％)위고봉년령,치상원인이교통상거수위(424례,42.0％),기차시솔상(250례,24.8％)화폭력상(128례,12.7％).2008지2013년신선골절병례수축점증가,각충치상원인적환자재20～29세균체도고봉,인년대、월빈불동정현시간규률성변화.골절부위이단순하합골골절거수(536례,53.1％),기차위권골복합체골절(233례,23.1％).골절합병신경손상중,광하신경수루최다(144례);합병전신손상중,사지손상최다견(77례),기차위흉부(65례)화로뇌(57례)손상;교통사고인발적전신합병상최다(127처),기차위고추상(32처).Logistic회귀분석표명고추상、솔상시하합골、과돌골절공동적위험인소(OR＞1,P＜0.05),년령시이자적보호인소(OR＜1,P＜0.05).결론 구강합면부신선골절이청년인최다견,교통상위주요치상원인,치상원인정규률성변화.광하신경상수루,합병손상중사지손상최상견,치료시응주의검사광하구급사지.교통상환자응주의검사유무전신합병상,고추상、솔상환자응특별주의하합골급과돌유무골절.
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characters of fresh maxillofacial fractures in hospitalized patients by the retrospective study.Methods From Jan.2008 to Dec.2013, a total of 1 009 patients with fresh maxillofacial fractures treated at Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology were investigated.The data were statistically analyzed by SPSS 21.0.Results The male and female ratio was 2.94:1 and 33.5％ of the patients aged from 20 to 30 years.The most common cause of the fresh fracture was road traffic accidents(424 cases, 42.0％), followed by tumblings(250 cases, 24.8％) and violence(128 cases, 12.7％).The number of new fracture was increasing gradually in recent years.The patients were at peak of 20-29 years old.The mandibular fracture was the most frequently seen(536 cases, 53.1％), followed by zygomatic complex fractures(233 cases, 23.1％).The simple maxillary fracture was rare and usually combined with other fractures.Infraorbital nerve injury was the most common one in nerve injuries(144 cases).The most common associated injury was extremity injuries (77 cases), followed by thoracic injury(65 cases) and craniocerebral injury(57 cases).Associated injuries were mostly caused by car accidents(127 sites), followed by fall(32 sites).Logictic regression analysis showed that fall and tumbling were risk factors of mandibular and condylar fracture (OR＞1, P＜0.05), while age was a protective factor(OR＞1, P＜0.05).Conclusions Oral and maxillofacial fresh fractures most commonly occurred in young people, and the most common cause of fractures was road traffic accidents.Infraorbital nerve was involved frequently.The most common associated injuries was extremity injuries.