CAJ | 학술논문

本文从现代语言学的四大视角讨论了句法的研究.在简要概述各视角的背景知识后,重点阐释了它们各自对句法的解释力,并归纳其优缺点.结构主义的直接成分分析法对语素的研究极为透彻,但却只停留在对于语言内部结构和系统的静态描写;形式主义的转换生成语法理论和格语法理论更注重语法理论的解释力,认为句法自治,强调语言的普遍适用,忽视了言语的灵活性和特殊性;功能主义以意义作为起点对语言进行系统性的描述,但无法解释语义是如何产生的以及如何对语义进行选择的问题;认知主义的构式语法理论更好地解释了意义的建构过程,尤其是超常表达的意义建构,但缺乏科学实证性.最后得出结论,科学研究在不足中发展.
본문종현대어언학적사대시각토론료구법적연구.재간요개술각시각적배경지식후,중점천석료타문각자대구법적해석력,병귀납기우결점.결구주의적직접성분분석법대어소적연구겁위투철,단각지정류재대우어언내부결구화계통적정태묘사;형식주의적전환생성어법이론화격어법이론경주중어법이론적해석력,인위구법자치,강조어언적보편괄용,홀시료언어적령활성화특수성;공능주의이의의작위기점대어언진행계통성적묘술,단무법해석어의시여하산생적이급여하대어의진행선택적문제;인지주의적구식어법이론경호지해석료의의적건구과정,우기시초상표체적의의건구,단결핍과학실증성.최후득출결론,과학연구재불족중발전.
This paper discusses four modern linguistic approaches to syntax by firstly respectively introducing their background information, then illustrating their explanatory force to syntax, and lastly concluding their merits and demerits. The structural approach to syntax employs Immediate Constituent Analysis to have a thorough study on morphemes, but the study is confined to a static description of linguistic structure and system;The formal approach to syntax employs Transformational Generative Grammar and Case Grammar to focus study on the explanatory force of grammar theories by arguing that syntax is autonomous, but the study ignores the flexibility and peculiarity of language phenomena;The functional approach to syntax is meaning-oriented, but the study can't explain how meaning is constructed and selected;The cognitive approach to syntax employs Construction Grammar to give a better illustration to meaning construction, especially the meaning construction of abnormal expressions, but the study lacks empirical study. In the end, we reach the conclusion that scientific study develops in demerits.