农业工程学报
農業工程學報
농업공정학보
Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
2015年
21期
177-183
,共7页
模型%水分%作物%DHSVM模型%渍害%风险区划
模型%水分%作物%DHSVM模型%漬害%風險區劃
모형%수분%작물%DHSVM모형%지해%풍험구화
models%moisture%crops%DHSVM model%sub-surface waterlogging%risk evaluation and zonation
为开展县级渍害风险评估与区划，该文利用分布式土壤植被水文模型（distributed hydrology soil vegetation model, DHSVM），以天为步长模拟1970年至2014年每年夏收作物生长期（3月、4月）的土壤表层水分的空间分布，结合夏收作物渍害水分指标，分析监利县各区域受渍害情况，进一步得到监利县夏收作物受渍害情况的空间分布，其中无渍害区、轻度渍害区、中度渍害区和重度渍害区分别占监利县农田面积的2.7%、55.7%、26.5%和15.1%。该研究结果为监利县渍害精准治理、农作物产业结构调整与规划提供了基础数据。
為開展縣級漬害風險評估與區劃，該文利用分佈式土壤植被水文模型（distributed hydrology soil vegetation model, DHSVM），以天為步長模擬1970年至2014年每年夏收作物生長期（3月、4月）的土壤錶層水分的空間分佈，結閤夏收作物漬害水分指標，分析鑑利縣各區域受漬害情況，進一步得到鑑利縣夏收作物受漬害情況的空間分佈，其中無漬害區、輕度漬害區、中度漬害區和重度漬害區分彆佔鑑利縣農田麵積的2.7%、55.7%、26.5%和15.1%。該研究結果為鑑利縣漬害精準治理、農作物產業結構調整與規劃提供瞭基礎數據。
위개전현급지해풍험평고여구화，해문이용분포식토양식피수문모형（distributed hydrology soil vegetation model, DHSVM），이천위보장모의1970년지2014년매년하수작물생장기（3월、4월）적토양표층수분적공간분포，결합하수작물지해수분지표，분석감리현각구역수지해정황，진일보득도감리현하수작물수지해정황적공간분포，기중무지해구、경도지해구、중도지해구화중도지해구분별점감리현농전면적적2.7%、55.7%、26.5%화15.1%。해연구결과위감리현지해정준치리、농작물산업결구조정여규화제공료기출수거。
Sub-surface waterlogging is one of the main agricultural meteorological disasters affecting summer crops in Jianli County, Hubei Province, China. For sub-surface waterlogging is caused by the long-term influence of high soil moisture on crops, it is not easily identified. Few studies were found on the risk evaluation and zonation of crops injured by sub-surface waterlogging. The researchers of this paper firstly adjusted the parameters of DHSVM (distributed hydrology soil vegetation model) by using soil moisture data collected from February 13 to May 20 in 2014 and verified it with the data collected from May 25 to September 23 in 2014. The result showed that the DHSVM could be used to simulate the soil moisture changes in Jianli County. Based on this model, the influencing parameters of waterlogging injury were input, which included meteorology, soil physical properties, groundwater levels, topography, drainage and irrigation conditions, and the farming system. Then the spatial distributions of soil surface moisture were simulated using the DHSVM with a step of 24 h during the growth seasons (March and April) of summer crops from 1970 to 2014. Also the waterlogging moisture indicators were also used to analyze the injury times of each grid in Jianli County (waterlogging injury occurs when the water level is less than 60 cm and surface soil moisture is higher than 95% of soil saturation for 5 days), and the spatial resolution was 90 m. In this way, the spatial distribution of the sub-surface waterlogging injured ratio (SWIR) was calculated, as well as the indicator of the degree of sub-surface waterlogging injury. According to the different range of SWIR value, the research areas which were at the risk of the sub-surface waterlogging injury, were consequently classified into 4 grades: the severe damage zone (SWIR greater than or equal to 0.6), the moderate damage zone (SWIR greater than or equal to 0.3 and less than 0.6), the mild damage zone (SWIR greater than or equal to 0.1 and less than 0.3), and the damage-free zone (SWIR less than 0.1). Thus the zonation of sub-surface waterlogging injury of summer crops was mapped. With some risk evaluation of each zone, the zonation conformed to the actual situation. Since the method used in this paper is based on the model and all the damage factors are taken into account, it is more accurate than the division only using the meteorological elements and proved to be an applicable method for the zonation of sub-surface waterlogging injury on the county scale.
