山地学报
山地學報
산지학보
Journal of Mountain Science
2015年
5期
603-610
,共8页
栾川县%泥石流%特征%成因
欒川縣%泥石流%特徵%成因
란천현%니석류%특정%성인
Luancuhan County%debris flow%characteristic%cause
2010－07－24，河南省栾川县境内普降暴雨，引发多处泥石流灾害（简称“7·24”泥石流），造成重大人员伤亡和财产损失。对泥石流的分布、类型、静动力学特征、灾害和损失进行总结，在此基础上，从降雨、地形和物源条件对泥石流成因进行了分析。结果表明：“7·24”泥石流分布范围主要沿着雨量高值区、地貌过渡区、人类活动区展布，泥石流类型多样，危害严重。丰富的前期降雨量，极高的日降雨量和短历时高雨强是泥石流的激发因素，充足的前期降雨量可以极大削弱物源地岩土体的强度。大部分泥石流沟的山坡坡度和沟床比降属于泥石流易发范围，说明栾川县的地形条件有利于泥石流的形成。区内泥石流物质来源丰富，通过“表观物源量”指标对物源进行分区发现，物源主要集中在区域性断裂和人类活动区附近。“7·24”泥石流是有利的地形、充足的物源和高强度的降雨共同作用的结果。
2010－07－24，河南省欒川縣境內普降暴雨，引髮多處泥石流災害（簡稱“7·24”泥石流），造成重大人員傷亡和財產損失。對泥石流的分佈、類型、靜動力學特徵、災害和損失進行總結，在此基礎上，從降雨、地形和物源條件對泥石流成因進行瞭分析。結果錶明：“7·24”泥石流分佈範圍主要沿著雨量高值區、地貌過渡區、人類活動區展佈，泥石流類型多樣，危害嚴重。豐富的前期降雨量，極高的日降雨量和短歷時高雨彊是泥石流的激髮因素，充足的前期降雨量可以極大削弱物源地巖土體的彊度。大部分泥石流溝的山坡坡度和溝床比降屬于泥石流易髮範圍，說明欒川縣的地形條件有利于泥石流的形成。區內泥石流物質來源豐富，通過“錶觀物源量”指標對物源進行分區髮現，物源主要集中在區域性斷裂和人類活動區附近。“7·24”泥石流是有利的地形、充足的物源和高彊度的降雨共同作用的結果。
2010－07－24，하남성란천현경내보강폭우，인발다처니석류재해（간칭“7·24”니석류），조성중대인원상망화재산손실。대니석류적분포、류형、정동역학특정、재해화손실진행총결，재차기출상，종강우、지형화물원조건대니석류성인진행료분석。결과표명：“7·24”니석류분포범위주요연착우량고치구、지모과도구、인류활동구전포，니석류류형다양，위해엄중。봉부적전기강우량，겁고적일강우량화단력시고우강시니석류적격발인소，충족적전기강우량가이겁대삭약물원지암토체적강도。대부분니석류구적산파파도화구상비강속우니석류역발범위，설명란천현적지형조건유리우니석류적형성。구내니석류물질래원봉부，통과“표관물원량”지표대물원진행분구발현，물원주요집중재구역성단렬화인류활동구부근。“7·24”니석류시유리적지형、충족적물원화고강도적강우공동작용적결과。
On July 24,2010,due to a widespread rainstorm,most of the county was attacked by catastrophic deb-ris flow,causing heavy human casualties and property damages.The distribution,type,static and dynamic charac-teristics,disaster and loss of 7.24 debris flows in Luanchuan County are summarized.On this basis,the causes of 7.24 debris flows are analyzed in three aspects of rainfall condition,topographic condition and source condition. The analysis results show that 7 .24 debris flows mainly distributes in high rainfall area,landscape transition area and human activity area.7 .24 debris flows have various types and caused serious damages.The abundant prophase rainfall,high rainfall and short duration rainfall intensity provides favorable rainfall conditions.The abundant pro-phase rainfall can greatly weaken the strength of rock soil mass.The slope gradient and gully bed gradient of most debris flow gullies belong to the scope of prone range.The topography conditions of Luanchuan county is favorable for the formation of debris flow.The material sources for debris flows are rich in Luanchuan county.A new indictor“apparent source”is used to zone the area.The result indicates that the material sources are mainly concentrated in the regional fracture and human activity area.In a word,the 7.24 rainstorm-induced debris flow disaster was the product of the combined action of favorable topography,material source conditions and high-intensity rainstorm.
