CAJ | 학술논문

针对目前联合收获机脱粒调速控制系统仿真设计中所采用的功耗模型的建立仅考虑了单个滚筒的运动状态，并没有考虑到其他工作部件运动对脱粒滚筒转速变化的影响，以及脱出物中杂余含量的影响，因此有必要对联合收获机脱粒系统动力学模型做进一步的研究。该文以XG610型联合收获机为例，在对运动机构进行较为全面的动力学分析和脱粒分离试验数据的基础上，建立了脱粒系统动力学模型，并与模糊逻辑控制器相结合构建了调速控制系统仿真模型。计算机仿真结果显示，当作物密度由0.95增加到1.09 kg/m2，喂入量增加约15%时，调速系统能够在5 s内做出有效调节，避免滚筒出现过载或堵塞现象。田间试验记录数据也验证了当喂入量增加约15%时，前进速度与滚筒转速在5 s内均能有效调节至稳定状态，总体变化趋势与仿真结果相符，验证了所建立的脱粒系统动力学模型的合理性与可行性。该研究为脱粒调速控制系统的仿真设计及后续控制算法的优化提供了参考。
침대목전연합수획궤탈립조속공제계통방진설계중소채용적공모모형적건립부고필료단개곤통적운동상태，병몰유고필도기타공작부건운동대탈립곤통전속변화적영향，이급탈출물중잡여함량적영향，인차유필요대연합수획궤탈립계통동역학모형주진일보적연구。해문이XG610형연합수획궤위례，재대운동궤구진행교위전면적동역학분석화탈립분리시험수거적기출상，건립료탈립계통동역학모형，병여모호라집공제기상결합구건료조속공제계통방진모형。계산궤방진결과현시，당작물밀도유0.95증가도1.09 kg/m2，위입량증가약15%시，조속계통능구재5 s내주출유효조절，피면곤통출현과재혹도새현상。전간시험기록수거야험증료당위입량증가약15%시，전진속도여곤통전속재5 s내균능유효조절지은정상태，총체변화추세여방진결과상부，험증료소건립적탈립계통동역학모형적합이성여가행성。해연구위탈립조속공제계통적방진설계급후속공제산법적우화제공료삼고。
At present, only movement state of single threshing rotor is considered for threshing system power model in simulation design of speed control system for combine harvester, and movement states of other work parts and impurity quantity in threshed materials are not considered, so it is necessary to make further study on theoretical model of threshing system in order to improve simulation design of speed control system and subsequent optimization of control algorithm. In this paper, 3 fundamental hypotheses were made as follows: 1) Crop was fed continuously and evenly into the threshing system and crop moisture was not taken into account; 2) Crop flowing was constant and continuous in threshing space, and there was no relative sliding between crop layers; 3) The threshed materials were separated from concave, the speed of which was equal to the peripheral speed of threshing rotors.And taking the XG610 combine harvester as example, the kinetic model for threshing system was established based on kinetic analysis of work parts, of which equivalent device 1 was mainly composed of reel, cutting table auger-type conveyer and conveyer trough, and equivalent device 2 was mainly composed of cleaning mechanism and grain auger-type conveyer, and intermediate shaft.Then the simulation model of speed control system was constructed based on the combination of the fuzzy logic controller and the kinetic model of threshing system. At the same time the simulation subsystem of feedback element was also built based on the kinetic model formula. In the design process of the fuzzy logic controller, the variables were input, including threshing rotor rotation speed deviation and deviation variation rate, and the output variable was the rotation angle of stepping motor by using fuzzy inference according to the corresponding input variables. The types of their membership functions were all triangular, and fuzzy inference system had 49 fuzzy rules. The simulation results showed that in beginning stage the threshing system was doing self-adjustment, then the threshing rotor’s rotation speed dropped a little and kept stable at about 825 r/min, and the change of forward speed had the delay of 0.7 s compared to that of the threshing rotor rotation speed and was stable at about 2.0 m/s. And at the 25th second the cropping intensity had step change that it increased from initial value 0.95 to 1.09 kg/m2, which made the feeding quantity increase by about 15% compared to initial value and the engine would work in full load state, and the speedcontrol simulation system made effective adjustment in about 5 s. It spent 1.5 s for crop flow from cutting table auger-type conveyer to conveyer trough and till into the threshing rotor space, and at the 26.5th second, the threshing rotor rotation speed began to fall again to about 780 r/min and was finally stable at about 803 r/min, and the forward speed, which had the delay of 0.7 s compared to the threshing rotor rotation speed, began to fall to about 1.90 m/s and was finally stable at about 1.99 m/s. The above changes of threshing rotor rotation speed and forward speed prevent effectively the occurrence of overload and jam of threshing system in working process, which shows that the kinetic model of threshing system is reasonable for speed control of the combine harvester. Experimental data also prove that the speed control system is feasible and the kinetic model is reasonable. Additionally, the threshing system kinetic model established can comprehensively reflect the working characteristics of XG610 combined harvester threshing system, and give a good reference model of threshing system for other types of combine harvester.