CAJ | 학술논문

优先购买权是我国公司法规定的一项法定性权利，但是该权利在实践履行中遇到了很大的问题。优先购买权条文内容空白严重，主要包括“同等条件”、“行使期限”、“行使主体”、“行使数量”、“合同效力”等方面的空白。优先购买权的根本目的在于限制股权自由处分权，保护有限责任公司人合属性，但是优先购买权不能从根本上限制股权的自由转让，在优先购买权与自由处分权冲突时，立法优先保护股权的自由转让。随着有限公司的发展壮大，其资合属性不断增加，因此通过优先购买权维护公司的人合性没有存在的必要性。所以笔者认为，未来公司法修改时，可以将优先购买权定性为约定的权利，由公司章程规定优先购买权的行使。
우선구매권시아국공사법규정적일항법정성권리，단시해권리재실천리행중우도료흔대적문제。우선구매권조문내용공백엄중，주요포괄“동등조건”、“행사기한”、“행사주체”、“행사수량”、“합동효력”등방면적공백。우선구매권적근본목적재우한제고권자유처분권，보호유한책임공사인합속성，단시우선구매권불능종근본상한제고권적자유전양，재우선구매권여자유처분권충돌시，입법우선보호고권적자유전양。수착유한공사적발전장대，기자합속성불단증가，인차통과우선구매권유호공사적인합성몰유존재적필요성。소이필자인위，미래공사법수개시，가이장우선구매권정성위약정적권리，유공사장정규정우선구매권적행사。
The preemptive right is a legal right in the company law of our country , but the right encounters a lot of problems when to be performed in practice. The main content of the preemptive right is blank, which mainly includes the “equal condition”, “the time limit”, “the exercise subject”, “the exercise quantity”, “contract effect” and so on. The fundamental purpose of the preemptive right of purchase is to restrict the right to freedom of ownership , and to protect the limited liability company. However, the preemptive right can not fundamentally restrict the transfer of stock rights .In the conflict between preemptive right and freedom right, the legislation protects free transference of stock right firstly. With the development of the limited company, its capital and property nature are increasing. Therefore, it is not necessary for the company to maintain the human nature by preemptive right. In the future when the Company Law is to be amended, the preemptive right should be defined as an agreed rights and the exercise of preemptive right should be regulated by articles of association of the company.