CAJ | 학술논문

中国的水资源问题是一个重要的瓶颈问题。关于水的起源仍然值得深入研究，涉及地球的形成、目前宇宙水球的来源及地球深部水的问题。强调了划定水圈几个带的尝试，以及圈层间的复杂作用，进而探讨了水资源开发问题，在圈层运动基础上建立全流域演化综合效应与有关评价的理念，并以黄河中游及长江中上游及内河流域演化为例进行了分析，水资源开发应考虑有限性、相对性和生态性“三性”，以及“水可载舟也可覆舟”的两重性。论述了“六水”（雨水、河水、湖水、地下水、库水等人工水体和海水）的综合开发利用问题，以及6种灾害统一防灾减灾的问题，洪灾、涝灾、旱灾、风暴潮、地质灾害、水污染这6种灾害与“六水”有关，指出了分段控制库水水质与地表水地下水综合开发调蓄及修建地下水库的重要性。提出了水资源开发与灾害防治应多部门多学科协作，大力推行节水措施，建立完善的多功能水资源网络，以供定需，加强评价与开发的追究责任制度等建议。
중국적수자원문제시일개중요적병경문제。관우수적기원잉연치득심입연구，섭급지구적형성、목전우주수구적래원급지구심부수적문제。강조료화정수권궤개대적상시，이급권층간적복잡작용，진이탐토료수자원개발문제，재권층운동기출상건립전류역연화종합효응여유관평개적이념，병이황하중유급장강중상유급내하류역연화위례진행료분석，수자원개발응고필유한성、상대성화생태성“삼성”，이급“수가재주야가복주”적량중성。논술료“륙수”（우수、하수、호수、지하수、고수등인공수체화해수）적종합개발이용문제，이급6충재해통일방재감재적문제，홍재、로재、한재、풍폭조、지질재해、수오염저6충재해여“륙수”유관，지출료분단공제고수수질여지표수지하수종합개발조축급수건지하수고적중요성。제출료수자원개발여재해방치응다부문다학과협작，대력추행절수조시，건립완선적다공능수자원망락，이공정수，가강평개여개발적추구책임제도등건의。
Water resources constraints constitute a significant bottleneck in China. The origins of water are worth further research, as they relate to the Earth?s formation, the origins of the water globe, and the issue of deep water. First, we attempt to divide the hydrosphere into several belts and focus on the complex interaction between spherical layers. Then, water resources development issues are discussed, the concept of the comprehensive effect and related evaluation of the evolution of an entire basin is developed based on the spherical layer movement, and the evolution of the middle reaches of the Yellow River, the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River, and the inland river basin is analyzed based on this concept. Water resources development should consider three properties: limits, relativity, and ecology, as well as the instructive observation that water can carry a boat and also overturn a boat. The comprehensive development and utilization of water from six different sources, including rainwater, river water, lake water, groundwater, reservoir water, and sea water, are examined. We also discuss prevention and mitigation of six types of disasters related to the six water sources:flooding, waterlogging, drought, storm surges, geological disasters, and water pollution. It is pointed out that segmented control of water quality in the reservoir area, comprehensive development of surface water and groundwater, and construction of underground reservoirs are important. Finally, some suggestions for water resources development and disaster prevention are proposed:cooperation between multiple departments and multiple disciplines, implementation of water?saving measures, construction of an enhanced water resources network, determination of demand according to provision, and improvement of an investigation system for evaluation and development.