CAJ | 학술논문

结直肠癌是最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,其病因和发病机制十分复杂. 大部分肠癌都是非遗传性的"散发性肠癌",散发性肠癌是在环境因素影响下遗传和表观遗传学相继改变并累积,最终导致体细胞突变而发生的复杂的异质性疾病. 其中最主要的三类基因变化是:染色体的不稳定性( CIN)、微卫星的不稳定性( MSI)和CpG岛甲基化表型( CIMP) ,表观遗传学变化是DNA的甲基化、组蛋白修饰、MicroRNA的改变. 有些患者可能会有二至三种不同变化途径的同时呈现. 更加透彻得理解肠癌发生发展背后分子生物学途径的变化将会有助于改善我们对肠癌的预防、监测、诊断和治疗策略. 本文围绕结直肠癌发病的分子生物学机制的最新研究进展做一综述.
결직장암시최상견적악성종류지일,기병인화발병궤제십분복잡. 대부분장암도시비유전성적"산발성장암",산발성장암시재배경인소영향하유전화표관유전학상계개변병루적,최종도치체세포돌변이발생적복잡적이질성질병. 기중최주요적삼류기인변화시:염색체적불은정성( CIN)、미위성적불은정성( MSI)화CpG도갑기화표형( CIMP) ,표관유전학변화시DNA적갑기화、조단백수식、MicroRNA적개변. 유사환자가능회유이지삼충불동변화도경적동시정현. 경가투철득리해장암발생발전배후분자생물학도경적변화장회유조우개선아문대장암적예방、감측、진단화치료책략. 본문위요결직장암발병적분자생물학궤제적최신연구진전주일종술.
Colorectal cancer( CRC) is one of the most common tumor,which has complicated pathogene-sis.it is estimated that the vast majority of CRCs is non-hereditary"sporadic cancers"with no apparent evidence of an inherited component.Sporadic CRC results from the cumulative effects of multiple genetic and epigenetic al-terations caused by somatic mutations, which may be the indirect result of several environmental factors them-selves.There are at least 3 major genetic alternations that lead to colorectal carcinogenesis:(1)The chromosomal instability(CIN)pathway;(2)The microsatellite instability(MSI)pathway;(3)The cytosine-phospho-guanine ( CpG) island methylator phenotype( CIMP) pathway,while DNA methylation,modifications in histone proteins and microRNAs( miRNAs) are analyzed in the field of epigenetic alterations.This review summarizes the newest bio-molecular progression involved in CRC pathogenesis,for the purpose of improving strategy for prevention,surveil-lance,early diagnosis and therapy.