CAJ | 학술논문

高效绿色淋洗剂的筛选是土壤淋洗技术开发的重要内容之一。本文以汉源某铅锌矿区污染土壤为对象，将14种植物地上部分风干研磨过2 mm筛后蒸馏水浸提24 h，采用振荡淋洗的方法研究浸提液在不同浓度、pH和作用时间下对铅锌复合污染土壤中铅和锌的提取效果。结果表明，在25℃、200 r·min-1恒温振荡条件下，14种植物淋洗剂对土壤铅锌的淋洗效率不同（P﹤0.05）：随着淋洗剂浓度的增加，其对土壤铅的淋洗率呈逐渐增加和先增后减两种变化趋势，对土壤锌的淋洗率则呈逐渐增加和变化趋势不明显；淋洗率随着pH增加总体降低；14种植物淋洗剂对土壤中铅和锌的淋洗率随淋洗时间的增加均分别呈上升、无显著变化和下降三种趋势。其中马桑浸提液对土壤铅和锌具有较好的淋洗效果，当淋洗剂的浓度为5％、pH为4.0、振荡时间为8 h条件下时，其对铅和锌的淋洗率分别为23.78％和77.03％。因此，马桑提取液是一种对铅锌复合污染土壤修复具有良好运用前景的环境友好型植物淋洗剂。
고효록색림세제적사선시토양림세기술개발적중요내용지일。본문이한원모연자광구오염토양위대상，장14충식물지상부분풍간연마과2 mm사후증류수침제24 h，채용진탕림세적방법연구침제액재불동농도、pH화작용시간하대연자복합오염토양중연화자적제취효과。결과표명，재25℃、200 r·min-1항온진탕조건하，14충식물림세제대토양연자적림세효솔불동（P﹤0.05）：수착림세제농도적증가，기대토양연적림세솔정축점증가화선증후감량충변화추세，대토양자적림세솔칙정축점증가화변화추세불명현；림세솔수착pH증가총체강저；14충식물림세제대토양중연화자적림세솔수림세시간적증가균분별정상승、무현저변화화하강삼충추세。기중마상침제액대토양연화자구유교호적림세효과，당림세제적농도위5％、pH위4.0、진탕시간위8 h조건하시，기대연화자적림세솔분별위23.78％화77.03％。인차，마상제취액시일충대연자복합오염토양수복구유량호운용전경적배경우호형식물림세제。
Soil washing is a frequently used soil remediation technique. The key to this technique is washing agents. The objective of this study is to screen eco-friendly washing agents—phyto-eluents. We collected 14 plant species, ground the aboveground biomass to powders (﹤2 mm), and made washing agents using distilled water. Then the washing efficiencies of Pb and Zn by these washing agents were exam-ined under different concentrations, pH and contact time. At 25℃and 200 r·min-1 rotational oscillation, the washing efficiencies of Pb by these agents showed either continuous increases or initial increase and then decreases as the agent concentrations increased, whereas those of Zn displayed gradual increases or slight changes with the agent concentrations. Increasing pH apparently reduced the removal efficiencies of two metals. The effect of contacting time on the removal efficiencies of two metals showed gradual increase, slight changes or decline pat-terns. Among these 14 plants, Coriaria nepalensis proved to have a better removal efficiency, with the removal efficiencies of Pb and Zn be-ing 23.78%and 77.03%, respectively, at 5%eluent, pH 4.0 and a reaction time of 8 h. Therefore, C. nepalensis could be used as an envi-ronmental-friendly eluent for Pb-Zn contaminated soils.