CAJ | 학술논문

为评价岩溶区面源污染对漓江的影响，通过对地下径流、氨挥发和农产品等途径输出氮的计算，估算了桂林寨底地下河农业系统氮流失量。结果表明，寨底地下河农业系统年流失氮1.03×105 kg，其中地下河水土流失损失氮4.37×104 kg，氨挥发逸失氮3.91×104 kg，农产品输出氮2.06×104 kg。随地下河水流失的溶解态氮为2.62×104 kg，且其中99％为硝态氮，比30年前增加了约8倍，而泥沙吸附态氮为1.75×104 kg；地下河水土流失损失氮90％以上出现在雨季，且上半年以化肥源氮为主。受石灰土酸碱度的影响，56.5％氨挥发主要发生在稻田。鲜桃输出了农产品中39.8％的氮，这是系统内大力发展桃种植产业的结果。该系统流失氮的80％最终以水溶态、气态进入地表水和大气环境，因而加剧了漓江的环境压力。
위평개암용구면원오염대리강적영향，통과대지하경류、안휘발화농산품등도경수출담적계산，고산료계림채저지하하농업계통담류실량。결과표명，채저지하하농업계통년류실담1.03×105 kg，기중지하하수토류실손실담4.37×104 kg，안휘발일실담3.91×104 kg，농산품수출담2.06×104 kg。수지하하수류실적용해태담위2.62×104 kg，차기중99％위초태담，비30년전증가료약8배，이니사흡부태담위1.75×104 kg；지하하수토류실손실담90％이상출현재우계，차상반년이화비원담위주。수석회토산감도적영향，56.5％안휘발주요발생재도전。선도수출료농산품중39.8％적담，저시계통내대력발전도충식산업적결과。해계통류실담적80％최종이수용태、기태진입지표수화대기배경，인이가극료리강적배경압력。
In order to evaluate non-point pollution of agriculture in karstic area, nitrogen losses via subterranean runoff, ammonia volatiliza-tion and farm product exports were estimated in Zhaidi karst underground river agricultural systems in Lijiang River watershed situated in Guilin City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Results showed that 1.03 ×105 kg of nitrogen was lost every year in Zhaidi karst under-ground river agricultural ecosystem. Of which 4.37×104 kg N was removed through soil and water loss of underground river, 3.91×104 kg N escaped by ammonia volatilization, and 2.06×104 kg N output as farm products. Soluble N, with 99%of NO-3-N, amounted to 2.62×104 kg, 8 times more than 30 years ago. Sediment-adsorbed N was 1.75×104 kg. More than 90%of N losses via water and soil occurred in rainy days, which was mostly caused by chemical fertilizer N in the first half year and by the excreta of animal and human(including manure)or sewage mixed with dung in the second half year. Fresh peach fruits exported 39.8%of N outputs of agricultural produce. Rice field contributed to 56.5% of ammonia volatilization, which was caused by high pH of calcareous soil. Therefore, about 80% of lost N in Zhaidi karst under-ground river agricultural system entered into surface water and atmospheric environment through water-soluble and gaseous forms, increas-ing environmental pressure on the Lijiang River.