CAJ | 학술논문

把产品系统设计要求的可靠性指标逐层分配到下一级系统或零部件是产品设计与管理的一个非常重要环节。从底层部件的工艺设计与顾客重要度偏好出发，考虑一种可靠性工艺水平对应一个实际生产成本，而不是一个精确的“成本-可靠性”函数关系。基于离散“重要度-可靠性-成本”数据集，以系统最低可靠性要求为基本约束条件，以底层部件工艺方案选取标识0与1为二元决策变量，应用非线性整数规划方法，建立成本与重要性权衡值最小时系统可靠性分配的0-1整数规划决策模型，分别给出等效串联与并联单一结构下部件优选方案及其等价的线性规划，以及等效串-并与并-串混合结构下部件优选方案及其线性松弛规划。为快速搜索混合结构产品的非线性规划的最优解，建立线性松弛规划的寻优路径及遗传算法流程。给出混合结构产品的算例分析，验证了决策方案的可行性及算法的有效性。
파산품계통설계요구적가고성지표축층분배도하일급계통혹령부건시산품설계여관리적일개비상중요배절。종저층부건적공예설계여고객중요도편호출발，고필일충가고성공예수평대응일개실제생산성본，이불시일개정학적“성본-가고성”함수관계。기우리산“중요도-가고성-성본”수거집，이계통최저가고성요구위기본약속조건，이저층부건공예방안선취표식0여1위이원결책변량，응용비선성정수규화방법，건립성본여중요성권형치최소시계통가고성분배적0-1정수규화결책모형，분별급출등효천련여병련단일결구하부건우선방안급기등개적선성규화，이급등효천-병여병-천혼합결구하부건우선방안급기선성송이규화。위쾌속수색혼합결구산품적비선성규화적최우해，건립선성송이규화적심우로경급유전산법류정。급출혼합결구산품적산례분석，험증료결책방안적가행성급산법적유효성。
The requested reliability of products is allocated to the next level systems or components, is very important on the design of products and management. It is often more reasonable to consider the technological design and customer preference of the bottom components, and describe importance-reliability-cost relationships via discrete data sets, not via functions to relate cost and reliability. Considering such situations, where each component with different importance is available at several reliability levels with corresponding costs. Based on the discrete “importance-reliability-cost” data set and the minimum cost of production, the requested reliability is considered as the basic constraint conditions, and the selection identifications 0 and 1 of the bottom components are considered as the binary decision variable, the 0-1 integer programming models for reliability assignment is studied by means of the nonlinear integer programming. The optimal scheme of components which comprise the equivalent series and parallel structure system and its equivalent linear programming, and the equivalent series-parallel and parallel-series system and their linear relaxation-programming, are presented respectively. For quickly searching the optimal solutions of nonlinear programming, the search path and genetic algorithm for linear relaxations programming are given. Numerical examples are also given to illustrate the feasibility of decision program and effectiveness of presented algorithm.