CAJ | 학술논문

采用室内模拟试验，通过对无机砷的吸收和释放研究，结合砷形态测定，研究了沉水植物轮叶黑藻[Hydrilla verticillata（L.f.） Royle]对无机砷（As）的吸收和释放能力。结果表明：黑藻对五价砷（AsⅤ）和三价砷（AsⅢ）均具有较高的吸收速率（最大吸收速率分别为105、96.1 nmol·g-1 DW·min-1），且对AsⅤ和AsⅢ的最大吸收速率差异不显著（P﹥0.05）。无论暴露于AsⅤ还是AsⅢ溶液中，黑藻体内均以AsⅢ形态为主（﹥90％），而且黑藻可以将外界AsⅤ迅速吸收进入体内并还原为AsⅢ，并快速将AsⅢ释放到外部溶液中（AsⅢ释放量占AsⅤ吸收量的53％）。加磷（P）显著抑制黑藻对AsⅤ的富集（体内主要存在形态AsⅢ为不加P时的1/3），进一步导致溶液中的砷形态以AsⅤ为主（占总砷含量90％），加P不影响黑藻对AsⅢ的富集；植物螯合素（PCs）合成抑制剂丁胱亚磺酰亚胺（BSO）显著抑制黑藻对AsⅤ和AsⅢ的吸收，无论是AsⅤ还是AsⅢ处理，黑藻体内AsⅢ含量均降低，分别为对照处理的8％和10％，且溶液中砷形态含量与对照相比差异不显著（P﹥0.05）。
채용실내모의시험，통과대무궤신적흡수화석방연구，결합신형태측정，연구료침수식물륜협흑조[Hydrilla verticillata（L.f.） Royle]대무궤신（As）적흡수화석방능력。결과표명：흑조대오개신（AsⅤ）화삼개신（AsⅢ）균구유교고적흡수속솔（최대흡수속솔분별위105、96.1 nmol·g-1 DW·min-1），차대AsⅤ화AsⅢ적최대흡수속솔차이불현저（P﹥0.05）。무론폭로우AsⅤ환시AsⅢ용액중，흑조체내균이AsⅢ형태위주（﹥90％），이차흑조가이장외계AsⅤ신속흡수진입체내병환원위AsⅢ，병쾌속장AsⅢ석방도외부용액중（AsⅢ석방량점AsⅤ흡수량적53％）。가린（P）현저억제흑조대AsⅤ적부집（체내주요존재형태AsⅢ위불가P시적1/3），진일보도치용액중적신형태이AsⅤ위주（점총신함량90％），가P불영향흑조대AsⅢ적부집；식물오합소（PCs）합성억제제정광아광선아알（BSO）현저억제흑조대AsⅤ화AsⅢ적흡수，무론시AsⅤ환시AsⅢ처리，흑조체내AsⅢ함량균강저，분별위대조처리적8％화10％，차용액중신형태함량여대조상비차이불현저（P﹥0.05）。
Hydrilla verticillata(L.f.)Royle is a widespread submerged macrophyte in aquatic environments and shows high arsenic(As)ac-mulation. Hence, comprehensive understanding of uptake and release as well as species transformation of As in H. verticillata is essential for the development of phytoremediation technologies. Simulation experiments were conducted to investigate the uptake and efflux of AsⅤand AsⅢby H. verticillata cultivated in solution. Results showed that:the highest influx rates(Vmax)of AsⅤand AsⅢwere 105 and 96.1 nmol· g-1 DW·min-1, respectively, with no significant difference in V max between AsⅤ and AsⅢ treatments(P﹥0.05). Regardless of As species supplied, AsⅢwas the predominant species in plant(﹥90%of total extractable As). AsⅤwas rapidly taken up by H. verticillata from the growth medium, and then reduced to AsⅢthat released to the external solution(The ratios of AsⅢefflux to AsⅤuptake was 53%). Phos-phorus addition significantly inhibited the uptake of AsⅤby H. verticillata, with plant AsⅢbeing 2/3 less than in-P treatment, but had lit-tle effects on AsⅢuptake, resulting in the predominance of AsⅤspecies in the external solution(over 90%of total As). BSO, a synthetic inhibitor of PCs, significantly reduced AsⅤand AsⅢaccumulation in H. verticillata(AsⅢ concentration in the plant shoots was only 8%and 10%of that in the control, respectively). However, there were no differences in As species in solution between with and without BSO treatments. In conclusion, H. verticillata shows high capacity for As accumulation, but the rapid reduction of AsⅤto AsⅢfollowed by leak-age of AsⅢmay limit the application of this plant in As phytoremediation.