CAJ | 학술논문

小麦白粉病现已成为全国性甚至世界性主要病害之一,也是目前危害宁夏小麦生产的主要病害.通过对宁夏主栽及新培育的25份春小麦品种(系)主要农艺性状、品质性状与白粉病发生的分析研究,了解白粉病发生对小麦籽粒产量和品质的影响,尤其对小麦品质的影响程度.结果表明:白粉病防治对提高小麦产量、改善小麦品质起到了明显的作用.其中,小麦平均增产17.8%,千粒重增加11.8%;蛋白质含量平均提高3.4%,湿面筋含量平均增加2.8%,籽粒硬度平均增加12.5%,沉降值平均增加17.1%.培育和使用抗病品种是防治小麦白粉病最经济、有效的措施,也是综合治理小麦白粉病的基本措施.
소맥백분병현이성위전국성심지세계성주요병해지일,야시목전위해저하소맥생산적주요병해.통과대저하주재급신배육적25빈춘소맥품충(계)주요농예성상、품질성상여백분병발생적분석연구,료해백분병발생대소맥자립산량화품질적영향,우기대소맥품질적영향정도.결과표명:백분병방치대제고소맥산량、개선소맥품질기도료명현적작용.기중,소맥평균증산17.8%,천립중증가11.8%;단백질함량평균제고3.4%,습면근함량평균증가2.8%,자립경도평균증가12.5%,침강치평균증가17.1%.배육화사용항병품충시방치소맥백분병최경제、유효적조시,야시종합치리소맥백분병적기본조시.
Wheat powdery mildew has become one of the main diseases nationally and even worldwide, it is also the main disease affecting the wheat production in Ningxia at present. By carrying out an analysis about the quality traits, main agronomic traits and the incidence of wheat powdery mildew with the major cultivars in Ningxia and 25 groups of high-quality spring wheat varieties(lines), knowing the effects of powdery mildew on grain yield and the quality of wheat, especially the degree of impact on the quality of wheat. The test results showed that the prevention and control of wheat powdery mildew could improve the yield of wheat and the quality of wheat by a wide margin, the yield of wheat increase by 17.8% averagely; the weight of 1 000 grains increase by 11.8% averagely; the protein content of wheat increased by 3.4% averagely; the wet gluten content increase by 2.8% averagely; the hardness of grain increased by 12.5% averagely; and the sedimentation value increased by 17.1% averagely. So breeding and applying the disease-resistant varieties is not only the most economic, effective measure to prevent and control the wheat powdery mildew, but also is the basic measure for the comprehensive treatment of wheat powdery mildew.