刑事技术
刑事技術
형사기술
Forensic Science and Technology
2015年
5期
368-372
,共5页
姚岚%李万水%胡兰%徐珍
姚嵐%李萬水%鬍蘭%徐珍
요람%리만수%호란%서진
法医遗传学%线粒体 DNA%二代测序
法醫遺傳學%線粒體 DNA%二代測序
법의유전학%선립체 DNA%이대측서
forensic genetics%mitochondrial DNA%next generation sequencing
线粒体 DNA 检测是法医 DNA 检验的重要手段之一。随着分子生物学和计算机技术的发展,二代测序技术的出现,使得线粒体 DNA 检测从传统的部分测序进入到全基因组测序时代。相对于部分测序,线粒体全基因组测序能够提供更全面的序列信息,提高线粒体 DNA 检测的识别率;同时也能够通过对全基因组信息的深入分析,获得样本来源信息。本文介绍了经典以及新出现的线粒体 DNA 测序策略,简述了各种测序策略的优缺点,在此基础上重点介绍了线粒体全基因组测序在法医遗传学、线粒体相关疾病、衰老机制等方面的研究和应用,最后探讨了线粒体全基因组序列分析在法医遗传学实践中应用的可能性以及可能面临的一些问题。
線粒體 DNA 檢測是法醫 DNA 檢驗的重要手段之一。隨著分子生物學和計算機技術的髮展,二代測序技術的齣現,使得線粒體 DNA 檢測從傳統的部分測序進入到全基因組測序時代。相對于部分測序,線粒體全基因組測序能夠提供更全麵的序列信息,提高線粒體 DNA 檢測的識彆率;同時也能夠通過對全基因組信息的深入分析,穫得樣本來源信息。本文介紹瞭經典以及新齣現的線粒體 DNA 測序策略,簡述瞭各種測序策略的優缺點,在此基礎上重點介紹瞭線粒體全基因組測序在法醫遺傳學、線粒體相關疾病、衰老機製等方麵的研究和應用,最後探討瞭線粒體全基因組序列分析在法醫遺傳學實踐中應用的可能性以及可能麵臨的一些問題。
선립체 DNA 검측시법의 DNA 검험적중요수단지일。수착분자생물학화계산궤기술적발전,이대측서기술적출현,사득선립체 DNA 검측종전통적부분측서진입도전기인조측서시대。상대우부분측서,선립체전기인조측서능구제공경전면적서렬신식,제고선립체 DNA 검측적식별솔;동시야능구통과대전기인조신식적심입분석,획득양본래원신식。본문개소료경전이급신출현적선립체 DNA 측서책략,간술료각충측서책략적우결점,재차기출상중점개소료선립체전기인조측서재법의유전학、선립체상관질병、쇠로궤제등방면적연구화응용,최후탐토료선립체전기인조서렬분석재법의유전학실천중응용적가능성이급가능면림적일사문제。
Compared to nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has many unique characters, and plays an important role in some specific cases. Traditional analysis of mitochondrial DNA is to partially sequence the high variant regions of mitochondrial genome. Presently, with the development of techniques in molecular biology and bioinformatics, the next generation sequencing (NGS) enables the mitochondrial DNA analysis into whole genome sequencing which provides more comprehensive information and raises the power of discrimination. Furthermore, whole genome analysis of mitochondrial DNA will give extra information assisting in sample source inferring, haplogroup detecting, diseases testing and among others. In this paper, we will review the classic and the newly emerging mitochondrial sequencing strategies including their advantages and disadvantages. Besides, we will give a brief introduction to the new applications of mitochondrial genome sequencing in forensic genetics, mitochondria diseases and aging research, and show the novel findings along with these practices. Finally, we will discuss the prospect of forensic application of mitochondrial whole genome sequencing, as well as the benefits and potential problems it may bring together.