中国骨质疏松杂志
中國骨質疏鬆雜誌
중국골질소송잡지
Chinese Journal of Osteoporosis
2015年
9期
1076-1082
,共7页
张恒%刘宁%任宁涛%杨彦玲%李洁%雷伟%张永刚%张然%崔赓
張恆%劉寧%任寧濤%楊彥玲%李潔%雷偉%張永剛%張然%崔賡
장항%류저%임저도%양언령%리길%뢰위%장영강%장연%최갱
模拟失重%骨质疏松%SD大鼠%Micro-CT%生化标志物%生物力学
模擬失重%骨質疏鬆%SD大鼠%Micro-CT%生化標誌物%生物力學
모의실중%골질소송%SD대서%Micro-CT%생화표지물%생물역학
Simulating weightlessness%Osteoporosis%SD rats%Micro-CT%Biomechanical markers%Biomechanics
目的：模拟失重尾部悬吊雌、雌性大鼠模型松质骨骨密度、骨小梁结构、骨组织形态、骨代谢生化指标及力学性能的对比研究，为不同性别航天员飞行后骨量变化及航天医学提供实验依据。方法3个月龄雌、雄性SD大鼠各20只，每组分别随机再分为2组，尾部悬吊4周组和空白对照组。到期处死SD大鼠，双能X线吸收法（ dual－energy X－ray absorption DEXA ）测定L4椎体、股骨踝部骨密度，Micro－CT进行骨小梁分析，改良丽春红染色方法进行骨组织切片染色，ELISA法检测血清骨代谢生化标志物，生物力学测试机进行生物力学检测。结果不同性别悬吊组大鼠较对照组大鼠椎体、股骨髁部骨密度均显著下降，松质骨的骨体积分数（ BV／TV）、骨小梁厚度（ Tb．Th）、骨小梁数目（ TB．N）、表面积体积比（ BS／BV）较对照组显著降低（ P＜0．05），骨小梁间隙（TB、Sp）较对照组显著增加；骨代谢生化指标骨特异性碱性磷酸酶（BALP）、抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶（ TRAP）悬吊组较对照组显著增加，雄性悬吊组分别为对照组的4．1和2．7倍，雌性悬吊组分别为对照组的4．5和3．1倍；生物力学测试表明悬吊组椎体的最大压缩载荷（N）、最大压缩压力（MPa）、股骨最大抗弯曲载荷（N）雄性悬吊组分别较对照组下降：27．5％、26．4％、24．8％；雌性悬吊组分别较对照组下降：36．6％、33％、34％，力学强度显著下降。通过雌、雄性悬吊大鼠对比研究发现，雌性大鼠L4椎体、股骨髁部BMD，松质骨BV／TV、Tb．Th、TB．N、TB．N以及椎体的最大压缩载荷（ N）、最大压缩压力（MPa）、股骨最大抗弯曲载荷（N）显著降低（P＜0．05），骨小梁间隙（TB、Sp）、BALP、TRAP雌性悬吊组较雄性悬吊组显著增加（ P＜0．05）。结论尾部悬吊雌、雄性大鼠4周后分别出现明显的骨质疏松、骨小梁三维结构破坏、椎体及股骨生物力学显著下降、骨代谢失平衡，理论上增加了骨折的风险。同时更值得注意的是雌性悬吊大鼠骨质疏松程度较雄性悬吊组更加明显。不同性别航天员骨量丢失及骨折的风险应得到充分的认识，并指导我们航天医疗工作方面进行个性化干预措施。
目的：模擬失重尾部懸弔雌、雌性大鼠模型鬆質骨骨密度、骨小樑結構、骨組織形態、骨代謝生化指標及力學性能的對比研究，為不同性彆航天員飛行後骨量變化及航天醫學提供實驗依據。方法3箇月齡雌、雄性SD大鼠各20隻，每組分彆隨機再分為2組，尾部懸弔4週組和空白對照組。到期處死SD大鼠，雙能X線吸收法（ dual－energy X－ray absorption DEXA ）測定L4椎體、股骨踝部骨密度，Micro－CT進行骨小樑分析，改良麗春紅染色方法進行骨組織切片染色，ELISA法檢測血清骨代謝生化標誌物，生物力學測試機進行生物力學檢測。結果不同性彆懸弔組大鼠較對照組大鼠椎體、股骨髁部骨密度均顯著下降，鬆質骨的骨體積分數（ BV／TV）、骨小樑厚度（ Tb．Th）、骨小樑數目（ TB．N）、錶麵積體積比（ BS／BV）較對照組顯著降低（ P＜0．05），骨小樑間隙（TB、Sp）較對照組顯著增加；骨代謝生化指標骨特異性堿性燐痠酶（BALP）、抗酒石痠痠性燐痠酶（ TRAP）懸弔組較對照組顯著增加，雄性懸弔組分彆為對照組的4．1和2．7倍，雌性懸弔組分彆為對照組的4．5和3．1倍；生物力學測試錶明懸弔組椎體的最大壓縮載荷（N）、最大壓縮壓力（MPa）、股骨最大抗彎麯載荷（N）雄性懸弔組分彆較對照組下降：27．5％、26．4％、24．8％；雌性懸弔組分彆較對照組下降：36．6％、33％、34％，力學彊度顯著下降。通過雌、雄性懸弔大鼠對比研究髮現，雌性大鼠L4椎體、股骨髁部BMD，鬆質骨BV／TV、Tb．Th、TB．N、TB．N以及椎體的最大壓縮載荷（ N）、最大壓縮壓力（MPa）、股骨最大抗彎麯載荷（N）顯著降低（P＜0．05），骨小樑間隙（TB、Sp）、BALP、TRAP雌性懸弔組較雄性懸弔組顯著增加（ P＜0．05）。結論尾部懸弔雌、雄性大鼠4週後分彆齣現明顯的骨質疏鬆、骨小樑三維結構破壞、椎體及股骨生物力學顯著下降、骨代謝失平衡，理論上增加瞭骨摺的風險。同時更值得註意的是雌性懸弔大鼠骨質疏鬆程度較雄性懸弔組更加明顯。不同性彆航天員骨量丟失及骨摺的風險應得到充分的認識，併指導我們航天醫療工作方麵進行箇性化榦預措施。
목적：모의실중미부현조자、자성대서모형송질골골밀도、골소량결구、골조직형태、골대사생화지표급역학성능적대비연구，위불동성별항천원비행후골량변화급항천의학제공실험의거。방법3개월령자、웅성SD대서각20지，매조분별수궤재분위2조，미부현조4주조화공백대조조。도기처사SD대서，쌍능X선흡수법（ dual－energy X－ray absorption DEXA ）측정L4추체、고골과부골밀도，Micro－CT진행골소량분석，개량려춘홍염색방법진행골조직절편염색，ELISA법검측혈청골대사생화표지물，생물역학측시궤진행생물역학검측。결과불동성별현조조대서교대조조대서추체、고골과부골밀도균현저하강，송질골적골체적분수（ BV／TV）、골소량후도（ Tb．Th）、골소량수목（ TB．N）、표면적체적비（ BS／BV）교대조조현저강저（ P＜0．05），골소량간극（TB、Sp）교대조조현저증가；골대사생화지표골특이성감성린산매（BALP）、항주석산산성린산매（ TRAP）현조조교대조조현저증가，웅성현조조분별위대조조적4．1화2．7배，자성현조조분별위대조조적4．5화3．1배；생물역학측시표명현조조추체적최대압축재하（N）、최대압축압력（MPa）、고골최대항만곡재하（N）웅성현조조분별교대조조하강：27．5％、26．4％、24．8％；자성현조조분별교대조조하강：36．6％、33％、34％，역학강도현저하강。통과자、웅성현조대서대비연구발현，자성대서L4추체、고골과부BMD，송질골BV／TV、Tb．Th、TB．N、TB．N이급추체적최대압축재하（ N）、최대압축압력（MPa）、고골최대항만곡재하（N）현저강저（P＜0．05），골소량간극（TB、Sp）、BALP、TRAP자성현조조교웅성현조조현저증가（ P＜0．05）。결론미부현조자、웅성대서4주후분별출현명현적골질소송、골소량삼유결구파배、추체급고골생물역학현저하강、골대사실평형，이론상증가료골절적풍험。동시경치득주의적시자성현조대서골질소송정도교웅성현조조경가명현。불동성별항천원골량주실급골절적풍험응득도충분적인식，병지도아문항천의료공작방면진행개성화간예조시。
Objective By analyzing the changes of bone microstructure, biochemical metabolism and mechanical properties of male and female rats in a tail-suspending osteoporosis model simulating weightlessness, to provide experimental evidence for bone mass change of astronauts and aerospace medicine.Methods Twenty male and 20 female 3-month-old SD rats were selected and randomly divided into 2 groups, tail-suspending ( TS) model group and control group.After 4-week experiment, the rats were killed.Bone mineral density ( BMD) of L4 lumbar vertebrae and the femurs was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry ( DEXA) .The trabeculae were analyzed using micro-CT.Ponceau staining was used for the bone tissue slices.Bone biochemical markers were detected using ELISA method.The biomechanical indexes were tested using a biomechanical testing machine. Results The BMD of L4 and the femurs in the TS groups was obviously lower than that in control groups.The bone volume fraction (BV/TV), the thickness (Tb.Th) and number of the trabeculae (TB.N) of were also lower (P<0.05).However, the bone surface to bone volume ( BS/BV) and trabecular separation ( Tb.Sp) in TS group were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05).The bone metabolic biochemical markers BLAP and TRAP in the TS groups were remarkably higher than those in control groups, which were 4.1 and 2.7 times in male groups and 4.5 and 3.1 times in female groups, respectively. Biomechanical testing showed that the maximum compressive load ( N) , maximal compressive stress ( MPs) of lumbar vertebrae, flexural load of the femurs decreased in male TS group by 27.5%, 26.4%, and 24.8%, respectively, and in female TS group by 36.6%, 33%, and 34%, respectively, comparing to the control group.BMD of L4 and the femurs, BV/TV, Tb.Th, TB.N, N, and MPa in female TS groups decreased significantly comparing to those in male TS groups. BALP and TRAP increased significantly in male TS groups comparing to those in male TS groups ( P <0.05).Conclusion After 4 weeks, obvious osteoporosis, destruction of the 3-dimensional microstructure , decrease of the mechanical strength in the vertebrae and thigh , and imbalance of the bone metabolism have been found in both male and female TS groups .In theory it increases the fracture risk , and this is most obviously in female rats than in male rats in TS groups .The risk of bone loss and fracture in different gender of astronauts should be recognized , and the results can guide us in personal intervention in the aerospace medical work .
