CAJ | 학술논문

目的：探讨心理护理干预对冠心病患者经皮冠状动脉介入（PCI）治疗前心理应激的影响。方法入选2013年4月~2014年10月在北京军区总医院干部病房收治的冠心病患者80例，随机分为观察组和对照组，每组各40例。所有入选患者入院当天均采用焦虑（SAS）、抑郁量表（SDS），评估患者介入治疗前心理应激产生的焦虑、抑郁程度。对照组给予常规护理，观察组在常规护理的基础上根据每位患者焦虑、抑郁的程度进行心理护理干预，至PCI术前一天再次采用上述两种量表评估患者对介入治疗产生的焦虑、抑郁程度；同时统计两组患者术前一天血压及睡眠情况。出院前采用护理满意度调查表调查患者对护理服务的满意度。结果观察组患者焦虑、抑郁的症状得到明显的缓解，至PCI术前一天两组患者SAS得分：观察组（43.6±4.5）分，对照组（57.8±4.4）分；SDS得分：观察组（38.7±3.5）分，对照组（49.9±3.2）分；两组患者SAS、SDS得分比较，差异具有统计学意义（P均＜0.05）。观察组患者的血压在原有基础上收缩压、舒张压均增高15～20 mmHg的人数、夜间失眠需要服用镇静药物辅助睡眠的人数明显少于对照组：观察组分别为20%、30%，对照组分别为57.5%、75%；患者对护理服务的满意度：观察组总满意度为97.5%，对照组总满意度为85.0%。观察组与对照组比较，差异有统计学意义（P均＜0.05）。结论在冠心病患者PCI术前进行心理护理干预，可显著提高患者对冠脉介入治疗的适应能力，焦虑、抑郁症状得到明显缓解，患者对护理服务的满意度大大提高。
목적：탐토심리호리간예대관심병환자경피관상동맥개입（PCI）치료전심리응격적영향。방법입선2013년4월~2014년10월재북경군구총의원간부병방수치적관심병환자80례，수궤분위관찰조화대조조，매조각40례。소유입선환자입원당천균채용초필（SAS）、억욱량표（SDS），평고환자개입치료전심리응격산생적초필、억욱정도。대조조급여상규호리，관찰조재상규호리적기출상근거매위환자초필、억욱적정도진행심리호리간예，지PCI술전일천재차채용상술량충량표평고환자대개입치료산생적초필、억욱정도；동시통계량조환자술전일천혈압급수면정황。출원전채용호리만의도조사표조사환자대호리복무적만의도。결과관찰조환자초필、억욱적증상득도명현적완해，지PCI술전일천량조환자SAS득분：관찰조（43.6±4.5）분，대조조（57.8±4.4）분；SDS득분：관찰조（38.7±3.5）분，대조조（49.9±3.2）분；량조환자SAS、SDS득분비교，차이구유통계학의의（P균＜0.05）。관찰조환자적혈압재원유기출상수축압、서장압균증고15～20 mmHg적인수、야간실면수요복용진정약물보조수면적인수명현소우대조조：관찰조분별위20%、30%，대조조분별위57.5%、75%；환자대호리복무적만의도：관찰조총만의도위97.5%，대조조총만의도위85.0%。관찰조여대조조비교，차이유통계학의의（P균＜0.05）。결론재관심병환자PCI술전진행심리호리간예，가현저제고환자대관맥개입치료적괄응능력，초필、억욱증상득도명현완해，환자대호리복무적만의도대대제고。
Objective To discuss the influence of psychological nursing intervention on psychological stress in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) before percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods The patients with CHD (n=80) were chosen from Apr. 2013 to Oct. 2014, and randomly divided into observation group and control group (eachn=40). All patients were given reviews, on the first day of hospitalization, on the severity of anxiety or depression due to psychological stress by using self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depressive scale (SDS) before PCI. The control group was given routine nursing, and observation group was additionally given psychological nursing intervention according to the severity of anxiety or depression of every patient. The severity of anxiety or depression due to PCI was reviewed again by using SAS and SDS, and blood pressure and sleeping were recorded in 2 groups 1 d before PCI. Before discharged from hospital, all patients were given a survey on satisfaction of nursing service by using questionnaire.Results In observation group, anxiety and depression were significantly relieved, and SAS score was (43.6±4.5) in observation group and (57.8±4.4) in control group, and SDS score was (38.7±3.5) in observation group and (49.9±3.2) in control group (allP<0.05). The patients with increased blood pressure (systolic BP and diastolic BP increased about 15 mmHg to 20 mmHg from the baseline) and patients of taking sedative for helping sleeping were significantly less in observation group (20%, 30%) than those in control group (57.5%, 75%). The total satisfaction of nursing service was 97.5% in observation group and 85.0% in control group (allP<0.05).Conclusion Psychological nursing intervention before PCI can improve adaptability to PCI, and relieve anxiety and depression and satisfaction of nursing service in patients with CHD before PCI.