火炸药学报
火炸藥學報
화작약학보
Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants
2015年
5期
13-17
,共5页
罗义芬%王子俊%毕福强%王伯周%周诚%葛忠学
囉義芬%王子俊%畢福彊%王伯週%週誠%葛忠學
라의분%왕자준%필복강%왕백주%주성%갈충학
有机化学%1,1′-二羟基-3,3′-二硝基-5,5′-联-1 ,2,4-三唑二羟胺盐%MAD-X1%DABT%一锅法
有機化學%1,1′-二羥基-3,3′-二硝基-5,5′-聯-1 ,2,4-三唑二羥胺鹽%MAD-X1%DABT%一鍋法
유궤화학%1,1′-이간기-3,3′-이초기-5,5′-련-1 ,2,4-삼서이간알염%MAD-X1%DABT%일과법
organic chemistry%dihydroxylammonium 3,3′-dinitro-5,5′-bis-1,2,4-triazole-1,1′-diolate%MAD-X1%DABT%one-pot method
以草酸与氨基胍碳酸氢盐为原料,经脱水成环、重氮化取代、氧化、中和反应合成了不敏感含能材料1,1′-二羟基-3,3′-二硝基-5,5′-联-1,2,4-三唑二羟胺盐(MAD-X1),总收率为41.2%,采用红外光谱、1 H NMR、13 C NMR 及元素分析对产物的结构进行了表征。探讨了一锅法合成中间体5,5′-二氨基-3,3′-联-1,2,4-三唑(DABT)的机理及亚硝酸钠与硫酸摩尔比对重氮化取代反应收率的影响,对 MAD-X1的热性能进行了分析,用 NASA-CEA程序计算了 MAD-X1-CMDB 推进剂的能量特性。结果表明,采用一锅法合成 DABT,周期短、收率高(75.1%),亚硝酸钠与硫酸的最佳摩尔比为2.4∶1,酸化试剂为浓盐酸,MAD-X1的热分解峰温度为248.7℃;MAD-X1-CMDB推进剂的理论比冲和特征速度分别为2449.6 N·s/kg 和1540.7 m/s。
以草痠與氨基胍碳痠氫鹽為原料,經脫水成環、重氮化取代、氧化、中和反應閤成瞭不敏感含能材料1,1′-二羥基-3,3′-二硝基-5,5′-聯-1,2,4-三唑二羥胺鹽(MAD-X1),總收率為41.2%,採用紅外光譜、1 H NMR、13 C NMR 及元素分析對產物的結構進行瞭錶徵。探討瞭一鍋法閤成中間體5,5′-二氨基-3,3′-聯-1,2,4-三唑(DABT)的機理及亞硝痠鈉與硫痠摩爾比對重氮化取代反應收率的影響,對 MAD-X1的熱性能進行瞭分析,用 NASA-CEA程序計算瞭 MAD-X1-CMDB 推進劑的能量特性。結果錶明,採用一鍋法閤成 DABT,週期短、收率高(75.1%),亞硝痠鈉與硫痠的最佳摩爾比為2.4∶1,痠化試劑為濃鹽痠,MAD-X1的熱分解峰溫度為248.7℃;MAD-X1-CMDB推進劑的理論比遲和特徵速度分彆為2449.6 N·s/kg 和1540.7 m/s。
이초산여안기고탄산경염위원료,경탈수성배、중담화취대、양화、중화반응합성료불민감함능재료1,1′-이간기-3,3′-이초기-5,5′-련-1,2,4-삼서이간알염(MAD-X1),총수솔위41.2%,채용홍외광보、1 H NMR、13 C NMR 급원소분석대산물적결구진행료표정。탐토료일과법합성중간체5,5′-이안기-3,3′-련-1,2,4-삼서(DABT)적궤리급아초산납여류산마이비대중담화취대반응수솔적영향,대 MAD-X1적열성능진행료분석,용 NASA-CEA정서계산료 MAD-X1-CMDB 추진제적능량특성。결과표명,채용일과법합성 DABT,주기단、수솔고(75.1%),아초산납여류산적최가마이비위2.4∶1,산화시제위농염산,MAD-X1적열분해봉온도위248.7℃;MAD-X1-CMDB추진제적이론비충화특정속도분별위2449.6 N·s/kg 화1540.7 m/s。
Taking oxalic acid and aminoguanidine bicarbonate as raw materials,a new insensitive energetic material, dihydroxylammonium 3,3′-dinitro-5,5′-bis-1,2,4-triazole-1 ,1′-diolate(MAD-X1)was synthesized by cyclodehydra-tion,diazotization-substitution,oxidation and neutralization reactions with a total yield of 41 .2%.Its structure was characterized by IR,1 HNMR,13 C NMR and elemental analyses.The synthetic mechanism for the synthesis of 3, 3′-diamino-5,5′-bi-1,2,4-triazole(DABT)by one-pot method was dissussed.The effect of mole ratio of sodium nitrite and sulfuric acid on the yield of diazotization-substitution reaction was investigated.The thermal behavior of MAD-X1 was analyzed.The energy properties of MAD-X1-CMDB propellant were calculated by NASA-CEA program.Results show that the one-pot method for synthesis of DABT has the advantages of short cycle and high yield(75.1%).The best mole ratio of sodium nitrite and sulfuric acid is 2.4 ∶ 1 and the acidification reagent is hydrochloric acid.The thermal decomposition peak temperature of MAD-X1 is 248.7°C.The theory specific impulse and characteristic velocity of MAD-X1-CMDB propellant are 2 449.6 N·s/kg and 1 540.7 m/s,respectively.