CAJ | 학술논문

在底部埋有生物饵料培养基的克氏原螯虾池塘中，利用变性梯度凝胶电泳和基因测序技术，研究了2种放养密度（375 kg／hm2、600 kg／hm2，即A和B组）和2种水草覆盖率（占水域面积比20％、35％，即C和D组）条件下（每组设2个重复），底泥中微生物菌落结构特征。试验结果表明：4个试验组池塘底泥中微生物种类和数量存在一定差异。各试验组池塘底泥微生物的Shannon指数分别为2.72、2.94、2．82和2．96，说明水草覆盖率35％试验组池塘底泥微生物种类最丰富。聚类分析表明，不同月份不同处理组池塘底泥微生物群落结构相似度偏低，而放养密度600 kg／hm2试验组和水草覆盖率20％试验组在8月份相似度较高（70％以上），整体上，各样品在时间上的相似度比空间上的相似度高。对微生物组成多样性的分析表明，4组池塘底泥微生物克隆主要隶属于4个门：变形菌门（71％）、疣微菌门（9％）、放线菌门（8％）、绿弯菌门（11％）及其他门类未知的菌群，其中变形菌门的 Ideonella属占主要优势，占总比例的24％。
재저부매유생물이료배양기적극씨원오하지당중，이용변성제도응효전영화기인측서기술，연구료2충방양밀도（375 kg／hm2、600 kg／hm2，즉A화B조）화2충수초복개솔（점수역면적비20％、35％，즉C화D조）조건하（매조설2개중복），저니중미생물균락결구특정。시험결과표명：4개시험조지당저니중미생물충류화수량존재일정차이。각시험조지당저니미생물적Shannon지수분별위2.72、2.94、2．82화2．96，설명수초복개솔35％시험조지당저니미생물충류최봉부。취류분석표명，불동월빈불동처리조지당저니미생물군락결구상사도편저，이방양밀도600 kg／hm2시험조화수초복개솔20％시험조재8월빈상사도교고（70％이상），정체상，각양품재시간상적상사도비공간상적상사도고。대미생물조성다양성적분석표명，4조지당저니미생물극륭주요대속우4개문：변형균문（71％）、우미균문（9％）、방선균문（8％）、록만균문（11％）급기타문류미지적균군，기중변형균문적 Ideonella속점주요우세，점총비례적24％。
The composition and diversity of flora community were studied in sediments in red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii ponds with biological bait medium bottom with two kinds of aquatic vegetation (20% and 35% of water area ,group A ,and group B) and stocking densities (375 kg/hm2 and 600 kg/hm2 ,group C ,and group D) with duplication by PCR‐DGGE and DNA sequencing technology .It was found that there were different bacterial species and count in the sediments in the four treatment groups with Shannon index of 2 .72 in group A ,2 .94 in group B ,2 .82 in group C and 2 .96 in group D , the most abundant in group D .UPGMA analysis revealed that low similarity of microbial community structure was observed in the different sediments in different time ,the higher similarity (70% ) in groups B and C in August .On the whole ,there was higher similarity of all the samples in time than in space .The diversity of the flora showed that sediment microbial cloning in all treatment groups mainly belong to four phyla ,Proteobacteria (71% ) ,Verrucomicrobia (9% ) ,Actinobacteria(8% ) ,Chloroflexi (11% ) and other kinds of unknown microbes ,with dominant species Ideonella sp .,accounting for 24% .