CAJ | 학술논문

[目的]了解云南省成年人道路交通伤害的行为危险因素分布及流行特点,为今后制定有关干预及防控措施提供参考.[方法] 采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法,在云南省6个慢病及其危险因素监测点(玉溪市红塔区及通海县、大理州祥云县、文山州广南县、怒江州兰坪县、西双版纳州勐腊县)抽取3600名18岁及以上的调查对象进行问卷调查,收集调查对象一般人口学特征、道路交通伤害相关行为危险因素等内容.[结果] 30天内乘坐或驾驶摩托车者当中,59.5%没有佩戴头盔;头盔佩戴率男性高于女性(χ2=103.787,P<0.001),汉族高于其他民族(χ2=114.499, P<0.001),文化水平较高者高于低文化水平者(χ2=97.666,P<0.001).30天内驾驶机动车者当中,26.4%没有佩戴安全带;安全带经常佩戴率随年龄增加而逐渐上升,(χ2=7.452,P<0.01);其他民族的安全带经常佩戴情况好于汉族(χ2=11.804,P<0.01).酒后驾驶率为17.0%,男性高于女性(χ2=10.986,P<0.01);汉族低于其他民族(χ2=12.407, P<0.01).疲劳驾驶率为29.1%,男性高于女性(χ2=35.395,P<0.001).无证驾驶率为16.1%,女性高于男性(χ2=6.507, P<0.05);18~29岁人群及50~59岁人群的无证驾驶率高于其他年龄段(χ2=8.894,P<0.01);教育水平越高的人群中,无证驾驶率越低(χ2=5.194,P<0.05).[结论] 云南省成年居民道路交通伤害的行为危险因素普遍存在,是云南省一项突出的公共卫生问题.
[목적]료해운남성성년인도로교통상해적행위위험인소분포급류행특점,위금후제정유관간예급방공조시제공삼고.[방법] 채용다계단분층정군수궤추양적방법,재운남성6개만병급기위험인소감측점(옥계시홍탑구급통해현、대리주상운현、문산주엄남현、노강주란평현、서쌍판납주맹석현)추취3600명18세급이상적조사대상진행문권조사,수집조사대상일반인구학특정、도로교통상해상관행위위험인소등내용.[결과] 30천내승좌혹가사마탁차자당중,59.5%몰유패대두회;두회패대솔남성고우녀성(χ2=103.787,P<0.001),한족고우기타민족(χ2=114.499, P<0.001),문화수평교고자고우저문화수평자(χ2=97.666,P<0.001).30천내가사궤동차자당중,26.4%몰유패대안전대;안전대경상패대솔수년령증가이축점상승,(χ2=7.452,P<0.01);기타민족적안전대경상패대정황호우한족(χ2=11.804,P<0.01).주후가사솔위17.0%,남성고우녀성(χ2=10.986,P<0.01);한족저우기타민족(χ2=12.407, P<0.01).피로가사솔위29.1%,남성고우녀성(χ2=35.395,P<0.001).무증가사솔위16.1%,녀성고우남성(χ2=6.507, P<0.05);18~29세인군급50~59세인군적무증가사솔고우기타년령단(χ2=8.894,P<0.01);교육수평월고적인군중,무증가사솔월저(χ2=5.194,P<0.05).[결론] 운남성성년거민도로교통상해적행위위험인소보편존재,시운남성일항돌출적공공위생문제.
Objective To understanding the distribution and characteristics of road traffic injury related risk factors in Yunnan so as to provide reference for further intervention and prevention of road traffic injury.Methods Multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 3600 adults in 6 monitoring site of Yunnan province. Questionnaire survey was conducted to collect demographic characteristics and traffic injury related risk factors information.Results Effective investigation objects who had not ridden or driven motorcycle in 30 days were excluded, for the hamlets using status, not using rate was 59.5%, males were significantly better than females(χ2=103.787,P<0.001), the Han nationality people were significantly better than other nationality (χ2=114.499,P<0.001). High education people were significantly better than low's(χ2=97.666,P<0.001). Among the drivers in 30 days, 26.4% drivers didn't wear safety belt, using rate was increased with age(χ2=7.452,P<0.01). Minority nationality people were significantly better than the han nationality(χ2=11.804,P<0.01). The drinking driving rate was 17.0%, males were significantly higher than females(χ2=10.986,P<0.01), the minority nationality people were significantly higher than the han nationality(χ2=12.407, P<0.01). The fatigue driving rate was 29.1%, males were significantly higher than females(χ2=35.395,P<0.001).The unlicensed driving rate was 16.1%, females were significantly higher than males(χ2=6.507,P<0.05).Conclusions Road traffic injury risk behavior was prevalent, which was one of the public health problem in Yunnan province.