CAJ | 학술논문

对鄂中油菜(Brassica campestris L.)主产区的268个农户2011和2012年度油菜施肥状况进行调查,比较分析不同产量水平下油菜施肥的差异. 结果表明,鄂中主产区油菜平均产量为2 350 kg/hm2,其N﹑P2O5﹑K2O肥用量分别为211﹑67﹑54 kg/hm2. 低产条件下 (<2 000 kg/hm2),N﹑P2O5﹑K2O肥用量分别为168﹑48﹑40 kg/hm2,氮﹑磷﹑钾肥投入量不够以及氮肥的基追比例不协调是其产量较低的重要限制因子.中产条件下(2 000~3 000 kg/hm2),N﹑P2O5﹑K2O肥用量分别为201﹑66﹑55 kg/hm2,磷﹑钾肥施用总量以及追施氮量的不足仍然制约着产量水平的提升;高产条件下(>3 000 kg/hm2),N﹑P2O5﹑K2O肥用量分别为249﹑91﹑79 kg/hm2,养分投入总量和基施氮量充足,同时增加追肥次数,加强了生育中后期的营养调控.因此,调整氮肥用量,增施磷﹑钾肥,协调氮肥基肥追肥比例可进一步提升鄂中地区油菜产量水平.
대악중유채(Brassica campestris L.)주산구적268개농호2011화2012년도유채시비상황진행조사,비교분석불동산량수평하유채시비적차이. 결과표명,악중주산구유채평균산량위2 350 kg/hm2,기N﹑P2O5﹑K2O비용량분별위211﹑67﹑54 kg/hm2. 저산조건하 (<2 000 kg/hm2),N﹑P2O5﹑K2O비용량분별위168﹑48﹑40 kg/hm2,담﹑린﹑갑비투입량불구이급담비적기추비례불협조시기산량교저적중요한제인자.중산조건하(2 000~3 000 kg/hm2),N﹑P2O5﹑K2O비용량분별위201﹑66﹑55 kg/hm2,린﹑갑비시용총량이급추시담량적불족잉연제약착산량수평적제승;고산조건하(>3 000 kg/hm2),N﹑P2O5﹑K2O비용량분별위249﹑91﹑79 kg/hm2,양분투입총량화기시담량충족,동시증가추비차수,가강료생육중후기적영양조공.인차,조정담비용량,증시린﹑갑비,협조담비기비추비비례가진일보제승악중지구유채산량수평.
To evaluate the differences in fertilizing method in rapeseed(Brassica campestris L.)with different yields, an inves-tigation of nutrients management on rapeseed in 2011 and 2012 was carried out in Shayang county of the central Hubei province.It covered 268 rapeseed farmers distributed from main product area, and provide basis for establishment of rational fertilization management.The survey indicated that the average rapeseed yield was 2 350 kg/hm2, and the average applications of N,P2O5,and K2O fertilizer were 211,67 and 54 kg/hm2.In low-yield areas (<2 000 kg/hm2),the average applications of N, P2O5,and K2O fertilizer were 168,48 and 40 kg/hm2,respectively.The inputs of N,P and K fertilizers were insufficient;the basal/topdressing ratio of N was unbalanced;these were major constrain factors of higher rapeseed yields in low-yield areas.In middle-yield areas (2 000~3 000 kg/hm2),the average applications of N,P2O5,and K2O fertilizer were 201,66 and 55 kg/hm2,respectively.The main problem was the P fertilizer and K fertilizer and the N applied as basic was used sufficient.In high-yield areas (>3 000 kg/hm2),the average applications of N,P2O5,and K2O fertilizer were 249,91 and 79 kg/hm2,respec-tively.The total nutrient inputs and the N applied as basic were used sufficiently.The times of fertilizer application were in-creased.Consequently,it was important to pay attention to the use of P,K fertilizer and reasonable application of N fertilizer and the basal/topdressing ratio of N should be balanced,and then achieve high yield in rapeseed production in the central Hubei province.