CAJ | 학술논문

灾害系统致灾过程的核心是灾害时空变化的动力学过程，灾害后果既体现在随时间其状态的变化，又表现为在空间区域的蔓延，应急救援措施的制定也应遵循灾害后果发展的时空特征。该文以时空为视角，提出一种基于新闻报道量变化趋势划分突发事件阶段的方法，以承灾体为核心，分析灾害后果随时间发展在空间区域内的变化及救援过程中的应急响应工作重点的转移，并选择新浪网新闻专题对“汶川8.0级地震”的报道进行实证分析，梳理出承灾体的主要灾害后果和关键应急任务。结果表明，在突发事件不同阶段，大众媒体对的承灾体类型和灾害后果的关注度不同；由于应急救援针对的是灾害后果，随之呈现一定的时序性。因此，有效的应急响应需按灾害后果发展的时空规律及救援的紧迫程度部署和规划，以实现救援工作的有条不紊、应急资源的优化配置。
재해계통치재과정적핵심시재해시공변화적동역학과정，재해후과기체현재수시간기상태적변화，우표현위재공간구역적만연，응급구원조시적제정야응준순재해후과발전적시공특정。해문이시공위시각，제출일충기우신문보도량변화추세화분돌발사건계단적방법，이승재체위핵심，분석재해후과수시간발전재공간구역내적변화급구원과정중적응급향응공작중점적전이，병선택신랑망신문전제대“문천8.0급지진”적보도진행실증분석，소리출승재체적주요재해후과화관건응급임무。결과표명，재돌발사건불동계단，대음매체대적승재체류형화재해후과적관주도불동；유우응급구원침대적시재해후과，수지정현일정적시서성。인차，유효적응급향응수안재해후과발전적시공규률급구원적긴박정도부서화규화，이실현구원공작적유조불문、응급자원적우화배치。
Dynamic process of disaster spatial-temporal variation is the core processes of disaster system.Dis-aster consequences are both reflected changes over time,and sprawl in spatial region.Formulation of emergency re-sponse measures should also follow the spatial-temporal characteristics of disaster.We present a new perspective of spatial-temporal to study the variation of disasters consequence in spatial region over time,which takes hazard bear-ing body as the core and with news reports of emergencies as data source.Moreover,the rescue process of multi-stage emergency response division method was proposed.News Feature on “5·1 2 Wenchuan earthquake”from Si-na is selected for empirical analysis.The results show that,in different stages of emergencies,the focus on disas-ters hazard bearing body types and consequences are different;as emergency responses are direct at disaster conse-quences,along with which it shows chronological to a certain extent.Therefore,effective emergency response should be planned and deployed based on the law in which disaster consequences the developed and the urgency of emergency tasks.The aim of systematical rescue work and optimal allocation of emergency resources will be a-chieved.