草业科学
草業科學
초업과학
Pratacultural Science
2015年
10期
40-47
,共8页
石红霄%侯向阳%师尚礼%吴新宏%李鹏%杨婷婷
石紅霄%侯嚮暘%師尚禮%吳新宏%李鵬%楊婷婷
석홍소%후향양%사상례%오신굉%리붕%양정정
高寒草甸%初级生产力%多样性%土壤理化性质
高寒草甸%初級生產力%多樣性%土壤理化性質
고한초전%초급생산력%다양성%토양이화성질
alpine meadow%primary productivity%community diversity%soil properties
为了揭示高寒草甸初级生产力与土壤因子及多样性指数的关系,本文选择青藏高原三江源区具有代表性的高山嵩草矮嵩草草地型、高山嵩草杂类草草地型和高山嵩草圆穗蓼草地型,进行植物多样性、生产力及土壤养分的分析研究。结果表明:不同类型高山嵩草草甸生物量、群落多样性、土壤理化性质都存在显著差异(P <0.05),其中高山嵩草圆穗蓼草地生产力最高,物种数最多,土壤营养成分含量最高。相关性分析表明:地上生物量及优良牧草生物量与土壤理化性质呈显著相关(P <0.05),优良牧草生物量与土壤有机质呈极显著正相关(P <0.01)。物种数的多寡与土壤养分呈显著相关(P <0.05),而群落结构的均匀度及多样性是与植物都需要的大量元素钾呈正相关的(P <0.01)。优势物种的竞争能力是通过土壤的有限养分(速效磷)体现的,两者呈显著正相关(P <0.05),因而地上生物量及优良牧草生物量与速效磷呈极显著正相关(P <0.01)。而矿物氮(包含碱解氮)对丰富度指数、初级生产力有不可替代的作用。
為瞭揭示高寒草甸初級生產力與土壤因子及多樣性指數的關繫,本文選擇青藏高原三江源區具有代錶性的高山嵩草矮嵩草草地型、高山嵩草雜類草草地型和高山嵩草圓穗蓼草地型,進行植物多樣性、生產力及土壤養分的分析研究。結果錶明:不同類型高山嵩草草甸生物量、群落多樣性、土壤理化性質都存在顯著差異(P <0.05),其中高山嵩草圓穗蓼草地生產力最高,物種數最多,土壤營養成分含量最高。相關性分析錶明:地上生物量及優良牧草生物量與土壤理化性質呈顯著相關(P <0.05),優良牧草生物量與土壤有機質呈極顯著正相關(P <0.01)。物種數的多寡與土壤養分呈顯著相關(P <0.05),而群落結構的均勻度及多樣性是與植物都需要的大量元素鉀呈正相關的(P <0.01)。優勢物種的競爭能力是通過土壤的有限養分(速效燐)體現的,兩者呈顯著正相關(P <0.05),因而地上生物量及優良牧草生物量與速效燐呈極顯著正相關(P <0.01)。而礦物氮(包含堿解氮)對豐富度指數、初級生產力有不可替代的作用。
위료게시고한초전초급생산력여토양인자급다양성지수적관계,본문선택청장고원삼강원구구유대표성적고산숭초왜숭초초지형、고산숭초잡류초초지형화고산숭초원수료초지형,진행식물다양성、생산력급토양양분적분석연구。결과표명:불동류형고산숭초초전생물량、군락다양성、토양이화성질도존재현저차이(P <0.05),기중고산숭초원수료초지생산력최고,물충수최다,토양영양성분함량최고。상관성분석표명:지상생물량급우량목초생물량여토양이화성질정현저상관(P <0.05),우량목초생물량여토양유궤질정겁현저정상관(P <0.01)。물충수적다과여토양양분정현저상관(P <0.05),이군락결구적균균도급다양성시여식물도수요적대량원소갑정정상관적(P <0.01)。우세물충적경쟁능력시통과토양적유한양분(속효린)체현적,량자정현저정상관(P <0.05),인이지상생물량급우량목초생물량여속효린정겁현저정상관(P <0.01)。이광물담(포함감해담)대봉부도지수、초급생산력유불가체대적작용。
The relationships among primary productivity,soil factors and plant diversity in alpine meadows were investigated by analyzing plant community diversity,productivity and soil nutrients of three grassland types in the Three Rivers District,Kobresia pygmaea +Kobresia humilis ,Kobresia pygmaea +forbs and Ko-bresia pygmaeaPolygonum macrophyllum meadow.The biomass,community diversity and soil physical and chemical properties of the different alpine meadows types differed significantly (P <0.05).The Kobresia pyg-maea +P .macrophyllum meadow had the highest productivity,number of species and soil nutrient content. Correlation analysis showed that forage biomass and soil physical-chemical properties (P <0.05)and soil or-ganic matter (P <0.01)were significantly positively correlated.The number of plant species present was also correlated with soil nutrients (P <0.01),while uniformity and diversity of community structure were positive-ly correlated (P <0.01)with soil potassium content.The competitive advantage of dominant species was asso-ciated with tolerance of low fertility(P <0.05),particularly phosphorus.Aboveground biomass and forage bio-mass and available phosphorus were significantly positively correlated (P <0.01 ).Nitrogen was associated with species richness and productivity.