CAJ | 학술논문

土壤质量是草地生态系统生产力可持续发展的关键所在。健康的土壤必定拥有丰富的物种多样性、活跃的生命体、高效的内部养分循环及较好的抗干扰能力。土壤微生物作为土壤系统中各种生物进程的主要推动者，其作用不可小觑。因此，我们可以利用土壤微生物的数量、群落结构和多样性等特征监测土壤质量。本文综述了放牧对草地土壤微生物数量、生物量、群落结构和多样性的影响。指出通过了解土壤微生物与放牧行为间的关系，如何评估土壤质量，选取适宜的放牧梯度，完善草地管理模式，并介绍了土壤微生物群落结构和多样性研究方法的利弊。解决两个关键问题：1）土壤微生物的各种特征是如何响应放牧行为的。2）如何通过这些指标评价土壤质量，然后提出合理的放牧模式，改善和维护草地的生产力。
토양질량시초지생태계통생산력가지속발전적관건소재。건강적토양필정옹유봉부적물충다양성、활약적생명체、고효적내부양분순배급교호적항간우능력。토양미생물작위토양계통중각충생물진정적주요추동자，기작용불가소처。인차，아문가이이용토양미생물적수량、군락결구화다양성등특정감측토양질량。본문종술료방목대초지토양미생물수량、생물량、군락결구화다양성적영향。지출통과료해토양미생물여방목행위간적관계，여하평고토양질량，선취괄의적방목제도，완선초지관리모식，병개소료토양미생물군락결구화다양성연구방법적리폐。해결량개관건문제：1）토양미생물적각충특정시여하향응방목행위적。2）여하통과저사지표평개토양질량，연후제출합리적방목모식，개선화유호초지적생산력。
Soil quality is crucial to sustainable development of grassland ecosystems and to their productivity. Healthy soil must have rich species diversity,active microorganism populations,an efficient internal nutrient cycle and good buffering against disturbance.Soil microorganisms are the main driver of various biological processes and are therefore very important in soil systems.Hence,soil microbial community characteristics such as population numbers,community structure and species diversity can be used as a measure of soil health. The present paper summarizes the effects of grazing on the grassland soil microbial populations,community structure and diversity.We propose that it is essential to understand the impact of grazing management on soil microorganisms.A methodology is introduced for evaluation of soil health,and selection of a suitable grazing level to improve grassland management,and the advantages and disadvantages are discussed.Two key ques-tions are addressed;namely the responses of the soil microbial community to grazing activity,and how to use these indicators to evaluate soil quality and propose a reasonable grazing practice to sustainably improve the productivity of grassland.