CAJ | 학술논문

为了解风沙流频繁吹袭对樟子松幼苗光合水分代谢的影响，2013年在内蒙古科尔沁沙地研究了0（对照），6，9，12，15和18 m／s 等6个风速处理风沙流（风沙流强度相应为1．00，28．30，63．28，111．82和172．93 g／cm·min）4次吹袭下3龄樟子松幼苗光合速率、蒸腾速率、水分利用效率等指标的变化规律。结果表明，1）频繁的风沙流吹袭，可以改变樟子松幼苗蒸腾速率、气孔导度、胞间 CO2浓度和水分利用效率的日变化规律，但对光合速率日变化规律影响较小；2）随着风沙流强度的增加，其叶片相对含水量、叶面温度和日均光合速率、日均水分利用效率趋于下降，18 m／s 处理和对照相比分别下降4．6％，1．8％，52．6％和56．3％；日均蒸腾速率、日均气孔导度和胞间 CO2浓度趋于增加，18 m／s 处理和对照相比分别增加31．6％，75．0％和30．9％；3）随着风沙流强度的增加，其日最大光合速率和日最大水分利用效率趋于下降，日最大胞间 CO2浓度趋于增加，15 m／s 以下风沙流吹袭其日最大蒸腾速率降低，15 m／s 以上风沙流吹袭其日最大蒸腾速率显著增加；4）在风沙流吹袭下，樟子松光合能力的降低主要源于叶片含水量和叶片温度的下降以及叶片的机械损伤，而蒸腾速率的增加主要源于气孔导度的大幅度提升。
위료해풍사류빈번취습대장자송유묘광합수분대사적영향，2013년재내몽고과이심사지연구료0（대조），6，9，12，15화18 m／s 등6개풍속처리풍사류（풍사류강도상응위1．00，28．30，63．28，111．82화172．93 g／cm·min）4차취습하3령장자송유묘광합속솔、증등속솔、수분이용효솔등지표적변화규률。결과표명，1）빈번적풍사류취습，가이개변장자송유묘증등속솔、기공도도、포간 CO2농도화수분이용효솔적일변화규률，단대광합속솔일변화규률영향교소；2）수착풍사류강도적증가，기협편상대함수량、협면온도화일균광합속솔、일균수분이용효솔추우하강，18 m／s 처리화대조상비분별하강4．6％，1．8％，52．6％화56．3％；일균증등속솔、일균기공도도화포간 CO2농도추우증가，18 m／s 처리화대조상비분별증가31．6％，75．0％화30．9％；3）수착풍사류강도적증가，기일최대광합속솔화일최대수분이용효솔추우하강，일최대포간 CO2농도추우증가，15 m／s 이하풍사류취습기일최대증등속솔강저，15 m／s 이상풍사류취습기일최대증등속솔현저증가；4）재풍사류취습하，장자송광합능력적강저주요원우협편함수량화협편온도적하강이급협편적궤계손상，이증등속솔적증가주요원우기공도도적대폭도제승。
In order to understand effects of frequent wind-sand flow on photosynthesis and water metabolism of Pinus sylvestnis var.mongolica seedlings,a field wind-sand flow experiment with a gradient wind speed treat-ments of 0 (CK),6,9,12,15 and 18 m/s (wind sand flow intensity are 1.00,28.30,63.28,111.82 and 172.93 g/cm·min,respectively)was conducted in the Horqin Sand Land of Inner Mongolia in the Spring, 2013.The photosynthetic rate (P n ),transpiration rate (T r )and water use efficiency (WUE)were investiga-ted.The results showed that,1 )frequent wind sand flow could change diurnal variation pattern of the T r , stomatal conductance (G s ),intercellular CO2 concentration (C i )and WUE in the Pinus sylvestnis var.mon-golica seedlings,but had litter effects on diurnal variation pattern of the P n ;2 )With increase of wind-sand flow strength,the RWC and leaf temperature,average daily P n ,WUE tended to decrease,which decreased by 4.6%,1.8%,52.6% and 56.3% in the 18 m/s treatment than that in the CK,respectively;and the average daily T r ,G s and C i tended to increase,which increased by 31.6%,75.0% and 30.9% in the 18 m/s treatment than that in the CK,respectively.3 )With increase of wind-sand flow strength,the daily maximum P n and WUE tended to decrease,the maximum daily C i tended to increase,the maximum daily T r decreased when wind-sand flow was below 15 m/s and increased when wind-sand flow was in 15 m/s and 18 m/s.4)In wind-sand flow stress,decline of photosynthetic ability in P .sylvestnis var.mongolica scapling mainly due to de-crease of the relative water content (RWC)and leaf temperature and the leaf mechanical damage,and increase of the T r was attributed mainly to significant increase of the G s .