草业科学
草業科學
초업과학
Pratacultural Science
2015年
10期
108-119
,共12页
常修奇%刘玫%程薪宇%王宇婷%魏雪莹%王雪微
常脩奇%劉玫%程薪宇%王宇婷%魏雪瑩%王雪微
상수기%류매%정신우%왕우정%위설형%왕설미
柴胡属%果实解剖%油管%伞形科%系统学
柴鬍屬%果實解剖%油管%傘形科%繫統學
시호속%과실해부%유관%산형과%계통학
Bupleurum%fruit anatomy%vitta%Apiaceae%systematics
本文首次深入研究了中国柴胡属29种,5变种及2变形果实的三维结构。结构显示果实结构变化较大,分果表面平滑,横切面近圆形,脊略微突出。中果皮有两种分泌结构,伴生油管及非伴生油管(油管)。前者仅存在于少数物种,且直径小,后者包括不分支及分支油管。不分支油管存在于多数物种的沟(1~5)和结合面(2~7),油管通常与分果近等长,但亦存在短油管。少数物种的油管呈分支状,在中果皮不规则分布。种皮由1或2层薄壁细胞构成。胚乳在结合面平直或微凹。中果皮无结晶。心皮柄多为2个,在结合面彼此相对。柴胡属果实的多数特征存在于芹亚科其他类群,但分支状油管及2层细胞的种皮仅见于牵环花亚科,变豆菜亚科及芹亚科的基础类群。柴胡属果实的解剖结构支持分子系统学将柴胡属位于芹亚科其他类群的基础位置。
本文首次深入研究瞭中國柴鬍屬29種,5變種及2變形果實的三維結構。結構顯示果實結構變化較大,分果錶麵平滑,橫切麵近圓形,脊略微突齣。中果皮有兩種分泌結構,伴生油管及非伴生油管(油管)。前者僅存在于少數物種,且直徑小,後者包括不分支及分支油管。不分支油管存在于多數物種的溝(1~5)和結閤麵(2~7),油管通常與分果近等長,但亦存在短油管。少數物種的油管呈分支狀,在中果皮不規則分佈。種皮由1或2層薄壁細胞構成。胚乳在結閤麵平直或微凹。中果皮無結晶。心皮柄多為2箇,在結閤麵彼此相對。柴鬍屬果實的多數特徵存在于芹亞科其他類群,但分支狀油管及2層細胞的種皮僅見于牽環花亞科,變豆菜亞科及芹亞科的基礎類群。柴鬍屬果實的解剖結構支持分子繫統學將柴鬍屬位于芹亞科其他類群的基礎位置。
본문수차심입연구료중국시호속29충,5변충급2변형과실적삼유결구。결구현시과실결구변화교대,분과표면평활,횡절면근원형,척략미돌출。중과피유량충분비결구,반생유관급비반생유관(유관)。전자부존재우소수물충,차직경소,후자포괄불분지급분지유관。불분지유관존재우다수물충적구(1~5)화결합면(2~7),유관통상여분과근등장,단역존재단유관。소수물충적유관정분지상,재중과피불규칙분포。충피유1혹2층박벽세포구성。배유재결합면평직혹미요。중과피무결정。심피병다위2개,재결합면피차상대。시호속과실적다수특정존재우근아과기타류군,단분지상유관급2층세포적충피부견우견배화아과,변두채아과급근아과적기출류군。시호속과실적해부결구지지분자계통학장시호속위우근아과기타류군적기출위치。
The three-dimensional structure of fruits of 29 species,5 varieties and 2 forms in the genus Bupleu-rum,from China were studied in depth and are reported for the first time in this paper.The fruit structures were found to vary greatly.The mericarp surfaces are smooth,approximately circular in transverse section, and ribs are slightly prominent.Two types of secretory structures,rib ducts and vittae,occur in the meso-carps.The former which are small in diameter are found in a few taxa and the latter include unbranched and branched vittae.The vittae occur in the furrow (1-5)and commissure (2-7)in most taxa,and they are simi-lar to mericarps in length,usually unbranched,and sometimes short.The vittae are branched in a few taxa and dispersed in the mesocarps.The testa is composed of one or two layers of parenchyma cells.The endosperm is flat or slightly concave on the commissural side.Crystals are not present in the mesocarp.There are usually two carpophores,which are arranged on opposite sides of the commissural plane.Most features of the genus are present in other groups of the Apioideae,but branching vittae and testa with two layers of cells are only found in the Azorelloideae,Saniculoideae,and some groups of the Apioideae.The anatomical structures of Bupleurum fruits support its continued classification in the Apioideae,as shown by molecular studies.