四川师范大学学报（社会科学版）
四川師範大學學報（社會科學版）
사천사범대학학보（사회과학판）
Journal of Sichuan Normal University (Social Sciences Edition)
2015年
6期
132-139
,共8页
明清%州县%佐贰官%分防%分职%职事官
明清%州縣%佐貳官%分防%分職%職事官
명청%주현%좌이관%분방%분직%직사관
the Ming and Qing dynasties%local government%subordinate officials%function division%distractive division%functional official
明代州县佐贰官除了辅佐长官处理日常政务外，更多的时候负责分管州县的各项职能事务。根据职能的不同，明代州县中设置了诸多的职事官，由佐贰官们来担任，其中也有部分负责在外分防的佐贰官。在明末清初，因为主官负责制确立和大规模裁员等因素，分职佐贰官被大量裁撤，而分防佐贰官反而得到增加，导致分防的佐贰官从少数成为主流。清代保留的州县佐贰官大多负责分防，其分防区起到了类似次县级政区的作用。
明代州縣佐貳官除瞭輔佐長官處理日常政務外，更多的時候負責分管州縣的各項職能事務。根據職能的不同，明代州縣中設置瞭諸多的職事官，由佐貳官們來擔任，其中也有部分負責在外分防的佐貳官。在明末清初，因為主官負責製確立和大規模裁員等因素，分職佐貳官被大量裁撤，而分防佐貳官反而得到增加，導緻分防的佐貳官從少數成為主流。清代保留的州縣佐貳官大多負責分防，其分防區起到瞭類似次縣級政區的作用。
명대주현좌이관제료보좌장관처리일상정무외，경다적시후부책분관주현적각항직능사무。근거직능적불동，명대주현중설치료제다적직사관，유좌이관문래담임，기중야유부분부책재외분방적좌이관。재명말청초，인위주관부책제학립화대규모재원등인소，분직좌이관피대량재철，이분방좌이관반이득도증가，도치분방적좌이관종소수성위주류。청대보류적주현좌이관대다부책분방，기분방구기도료유사차현급정구적작용。
In Ming local governments,subordinate officials were the assistants of magis-trates,and meanwhile in charge of function affairs.There were many functions divided by the their content,and distributed among the subordinate officials.But there were also some subordi-nate officials that in charge of given district.In the alternation of Ming and Qing,due to such rea-sons as the supervisor responsibility system and mass layoff,the functional subordinate officials were reduced on big scale and the distractive subordinate officials kept stead and even got in-creased.As a result,the distractive subordinate officials became the major of the fellows.Subor-dinate officials in local government in the Qing dynasties were mainly responsible for function di-vision and their district functioned as subcountry level administrative regions.
