遵义师范学院学报
遵義師範學院學報
준의사범학원학보
Journal of Zunyi Normal College
2015年
5期
43-48
,共6页
构式%语块%语义特征%隐喻%类推
構式%語塊%語義特徵%隱喻%類推
구식%어괴%어의특정%은유%유추
construction%chunk%semantic features%metaphor%analogy
“要多X有多X”构式是现代汉语口语的常用表达式，主要用于评价某一性状的程度达到了极限。该构式中“要”是助动词，且其意义发生淡化，意为“设想”；“有”表性质、数量达到某种程度，用于比拟；“多”为增强“X”程度的程度副词。“X”的语义特征为[+程度差异]、[+口语化]。该构式的演变过程为：要NP，（就）有NP→要什么有什么→要多X有多X，演变的动因是隐喻，演变的机制是类推。
“要多X有多X”構式是現代漢語口語的常用錶達式，主要用于評價某一性狀的程度達到瞭極限。該構式中“要”是助動詞，且其意義髮生淡化，意為“設想”；“有”錶性質、數量達到某種程度，用于比擬；“多”為增彊“X”程度的程度副詞。“X”的語義特徵為[+程度差異]、[+口語化]。該構式的縯變過程為：要NP，（就）有NP→要什麽有什麽→要多X有多X，縯變的動因是隱喻，縯變的機製是類推。
“요다X유다X”구식시현대한어구어적상용표체식，주요용우평개모일성상적정도체도료겁한。해구식중“요”시조동사，차기의의발생담화，의위“설상”；“유”표성질、수량체도모충정도，용우비의；“다”위증강“X”정도적정도부사。“X”적어의특정위[+정도차이]、[+구어화]。해구식적연변과정위：요NP，（취）유NP→요십요유십요→요다X유다X，연변적동인시은유，연변적궤제시유추。
“Yaoduo X youduo X”is the common construction in modern spoken Chinese. And it’s often used to evaluate the limit of the properties in degree.“Yao”which means imagine in this construction is the auxiliary, and its meaning is fading.“You”expresses the de-gree of the property and the quantity is used for comparison.“Duo”, the adverb of degree, is used to enhance the limit of“X”. The sem-antic features of“X”are [differences in degree] and [spoken]. The developing process of this construction is:“Yao NP, (jiu)you NP”→“Yao shenme you shenme”→“Yaoduo X youduo X”. The motivation is metaphor, and the mechanism is analogy .
