宁夏农林科技
寧夏農林科技
저하농림과기
Ningxia Journal of Agriculture and Forestry Science and technology
2015年
9期
26-30
,共5页
沟垄二元覆盖%土壤水分%土壤温度%玉米%生育进程%产量
溝壟二元覆蓋%土壤水分%土壤溫度%玉米%生育進程%產量
구롱이원복개%토양수분%토양온도%옥미%생육진정%산량
Dual-mulching of ridge and furrow%Soil water%Soil temperature%Maize%Growth%Yield
2008—2010年在渭北旱塬区通过3年定位试验，研究了沟垄二元覆盖模式下土壤水温效应对玉米生长发育的影响。结果表明：垄覆地膜沟覆秸秆处理玉米各生育时期土壤蓄水量均最高，垄覆地膜沟覆地膜和垄覆地膜沟覆生物降解膜处理玉米前期土壤蓄水量较对照显著增加，垄覆地膜沟覆液膜和垄覆地膜沟不覆盖处理下玉米大喇叭口期土壤蓄水量较对照显著增加，其他各生育时期与对照无显著差异。沟覆普通地膜与生物降解膜增温效果明显，玉米全生育期平均土壤温度较对照显著增加，而垄覆地膜沟覆秸秆处理较对照显著降低，垄覆地膜沟覆液膜和沟内不覆盖处理土壤温度均高于对照，但差异不显著。垄覆地膜沟覆地膜和沟覆生物降解膜处理下玉米各生育时期进程均较对照提前，而垄覆地膜沟覆秸秆处理下玉米生育前期较对照略有推迟，生育后期与对照持平；垄覆地膜沟覆地膜和垄覆地膜沟覆降解膜处理促进玉米前期旺盛生长，垄覆地膜沟覆秸秆处理促进玉米后期生长。沟垄二元覆盖下玉米产量均较对照显著增加，以垄覆地膜沟覆地膜、垄覆地膜沟覆生物降解膜和垄覆地膜沟覆秸秆处理最高，分别显著提高39.1%、40.1%和41.7%。
2008—2010年在渭北旱塬區通過3年定位試驗，研究瞭溝壟二元覆蓋模式下土壤水溫效應對玉米生長髮育的影響。結果錶明：壟覆地膜溝覆秸稈處理玉米各生育時期土壤蓄水量均最高，壟覆地膜溝覆地膜和壟覆地膜溝覆生物降解膜處理玉米前期土壤蓄水量較對照顯著增加，壟覆地膜溝覆液膜和壟覆地膜溝不覆蓋處理下玉米大喇叭口期土壤蓄水量較對照顯著增加，其他各生育時期與對照無顯著差異。溝覆普通地膜與生物降解膜增溫效果明顯，玉米全生育期平均土壤溫度較對照顯著增加，而壟覆地膜溝覆秸稈處理較對照顯著降低，壟覆地膜溝覆液膜和溝內不覆蓋處理土壤溫度均高于對照，但差異不顯著。壟覆地膜溝覆地膜和溝覆生物降解膜處理下玉米各生育時期進程均較對照提前，而壟覆地膜溝覆秸稈處理下玉米生育前期較對照略有推遲，生育後期與對照持平；壟覆地膜溝覆地膜和壟覆地膜溝覆降解膜處理促進玉米前期旺盛生長，壟覆地膜溝覆秸稈處理促進玉米後期生長。溝壟二元覆蓋下玉米產量均較對照顯著增加，以壟覆地膜溝覆地膜、壟覆地膜溝覆生物降解膜和壟覆地膜溝覆秸稈處理最高，分彆顯著提高39.1%、40.1%和41.7%。
2008—2010년재위북한원구통과3년정위시험，연구료구롱이원복개모식하토양수온효응대옥미생장발육적영향。결과표명：롱복지막구복갈간처리옥미각생육시기토양축수량균최고，롱복지막구복지막화롱복지막구복생물강해막처리옥미전기토양축수량교대조현저증가，롱복지막구복액막화롱복지막구불복개처리하옥미대나팔구기토양축수량교대조현저증가，기타각생육시기여대조무현저차이。구복보통지막여생물강해막증온효과명현，옥미전생육기평균토양온도교대조현저증가，이롱복지막구복갈간처리교대조현저강저，롱복지막구복액막화구내불복개처리토양온도균고우대조，단차이불현저。롱복지막구복지막화구복생물강해막처리하옥미각생육시기진정균교대조제전，이롱복지막구복갈간처리하옥미생육전기교대조략유추지，생육후기여대조지평；롱복지막구복지막화롱복지막구복강해막처리촉진옥미전기왕성생장，롱복지막구복갈간처리촉진옥미후기생장。구롱이원복개하옥미산량균교대조현저증가，이롱복지막구복지막、롱복지막구복생물강해막화롱복지막구복갈간처리최고，분별현저제고39.1%、40.1%화41.7%。
Field fixed position experiments were conducted to study the effects of the soil water-temperature effect under the pattern of dual-mulching of ridge and furrow on the growth of maize in Weibei Highland during 2008 to 2010. In the ex-periments the ridges were covered with plastic film in all RFRHS treatments, while different furrow treatments were mulched with plastic film(D+D), biodegradable film(D+S), maize straw(D+J), or liquid film(D+Y), or left uncovered(D+B). A conventional flat treatment without mulching was used as the control(CK). The results showed that the soil water storage (0~200 cm) with D+J treatment was the highest; the D+D and D+S treatments significantly increased the soil water content in the sow-ing~large bell stage. The soil water content under D+Y and D+B treatments were significantly higher than CK in the large bell stage, but they were slightly higher than CK, there was no difference in soil water storage between them at the other stage of maize. The D+D and D+S treatments produced significantly higher average soil temperatures than CK in the entire stage of maize, while the soil temperature was significantly lower with D+J than CK. The soil temperature with D+Y and D+B treatments were slightly higher than CK, while there was no difference between them during the maize stage. The whole stage of maize was earlier with the D+D and D+S treatments compared with the control. The each stage of the maize with the D+Y and D+B treatments was advanced compared with the control. In contrast, the D+J treatment delayed the seeding and jointing stage, compared with the control, while there were no differences in the growth progress between D+J and the control in the later growth stage. The D+D and D+S treatments promoted the vigorous growth in the early stage of maize, and the D+J treatment promoted the growth in the late stage. Higher maize yield was found with D+D, D+S and D+J during the study period. Compared with the control, the average maize yield with D+D, D+S and D+J was significantly in-creased by 39.1%, 40.1% and 41.7%, respectively.
