CAJ | 학술논문

为了明确宁夏引黄灌区设施菜田在夏休闲期种植填闲作物的土壤培肥效应和土壤残留硝态氮的消减效应。通过田间试验，在夏休闲常规大水漫灌下，研究了常规裸地休闲、种植饲料玉米和种植甜玉米处理对土壤硝态氮累积、填闲作物地上部生物量及氮磷吸收量的影响，同时探讨了填闲作物直接还田对下茬设施番茄产量和土壤理化性质的影响。结果表明，饲料玉米、甜玉米的干物质累积量和氮磷养分固定均无显著差异，都可以作为设施菜田的填闲作物；种植填闲作物能够对0~120 cm土壤残留硝态氮进行生物固定和淋洗阻控；填闲作物还田还能提高下一茬蔬菜产量，对设施菜田土壤起到很好的改良和培肥效果。因此，综合考虑土壤培肥效应、土壤残留硝态氮的消减及对下茬蔬菜产量的影响，饲料玉米和甜玉米都可作为宁夏引黄灌区设施菜田夏休闲期的填闲作物。
위료명학저하인황관구설시채전재하휴한기충식전한작물적토양배비효응화토양잔류초태담적소감효응。통과전간시험，재하휴한상규대수만관하，연구료상규라지휴한、충식사료옥미화충식첨옥미처리대토양초태담루적、전한작물지상부생물량급담린흡수량적영향，동시탐토료전한작물직접환전대하치설시번가산량화토양이화성질적영향。결과표명，사료옥미、첨옥미적간물질루적량화담린양분고정균무현저차이，도가이작위설시채전적전한작물；충식전한작물능구대0~120 cm토양잔류초태담진행생물고정화림세조공；전한작물환전환능제고하일치소채산량，대설시채전토양기도흔호적개량화배비효과。인차，종합고필토양배비효응、토양잔류초태담적소감급대하치소채산량적영향，사료옥미화첨옥미도가작위저하인황관구설시채전하휴한기적전한작물。
In order to make clear the effects of the catch crops growing on improvement of soil fertility and reduction of soil residual nitrate in the summer fallow period in the greenhouse in the Yellow River Irrigation area of Ningxia. A field exper-iment was conducted with conventional flood irrigation by the Yellow River water in the summer fallow period, to investigate the effects of fallow, growing feed corn, and growing sweet corn on the soil nitrate accumulation, shoot dry biomass and N, P uptake of catch crops, and at the same time, the effects of catch crops directly returning to field on the yield of tomato in the next season and the soil physical and chemical characteristics were discussed. The results indicated that there were no significant differences in shoot dry biomass and N, P uptake of feed corn and sweet corn, both crops could be grown for catch crops in the greenhouse. Soil residual nitrate leaching in 0~120 cm was reduced by growing catch crops. Yield of the next season vegetable was increased after catch crops returning to field, and which had a good effects on soil improving and fertilizing in the greenhouse. Therefore, in a comprehensive consideration of the improvement of soil fertility, reduction of soil residual nitrate, and effect on yield of the next season vegetable, both feed corn and sweet corn could be the catch crops in the greenhouse in the Yellow River Irrigation Area of Ningxia.