中国感染控制杂志
中國感染控製雜誌
중국감염공제잡지
Chinese Journal of Infection Control
2015年
10期
676-680
,共5页
杨环%王蓓%姚新宝%周媛%陆晨
楊環%王蓓%姚新寶%週媛%陸晨
양배%왕배%요신보%주원%륙신
现患率%社区感染%横断面调查%抗菌药物%合理用药%流行病学%病原菌%医院感染
現患率%社區感染%橫斷麵調查%抗菌藥物%閤理用藥%流行病學%病原菌%醫院感染
현환솔%사구감염%횡단면조사%항균약물%합리용약%류행병학%병원균%의원감염
prevalence rate%community-associated infection%cross-sectional survey%antimicrobial agent%rational drug use%epidemiology%pathogen%healthcare-associated infection
目的:了解新疆地区不同级别医院医院感染及社区感染现状。方法采用床旁调查与病历调查相结合的方法对2014年3月20日新疆二级及以上医院住院患者感染、抗菌药物使用情况及病原学监测信息进行横断面调查。结果实际调查132所医院66208例住院患者,医院感染现患率1.83%,医院感染例次现患率2.02%;社区感染现患率24.53%,社区感染例次现患率24.83%。三级医院的医院感染现患率(2.58%)高于二级医院(1.44%),而社区感染现患率(17.84%)低于二级医院(28.01%),差异均有统计学意义(均 P <0.001)。科室分布中重症监护病房(ICU)医院感染现患率(14.91%)最高,社区感染中儿科组感染率较高。呼吸道、手术部位和泌尿道为医院感染常见部位。抗菌药物使用率为31.27%,二级医院抗菌药物使用率(35.95%,15642例)高于三级医院(22.32%,5064例),三级医院治疗性使用抗菌药物病原菌送检率(59.40%,2224例)高于二级医院(53.59%,6436例),差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为1288.974、38.964,均 P <0.001)。医院感染病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主,前3位依次为大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、鲍曼不动杆菌。结论横断面调查结果能较好地反映新疆不同级别医院的感染现状,提示需加强感染目标微生物的监测与抗菌药物合理使用的管理和评价,关注重点人群及重点部位感染风险管理。
目的:瞭解新疆地區不同級彆醫院醫院感染及社區感染現狀。方法採用床徬調查與病歷調查相結閤的方法對2014年3月20日新疆二級及以上醫院住院患者感染、抗菌藥物使用情況及病原學鑑測信息進行橫斷麵調查。結果實際調查132所醫院66208例住院患者,醫院感染現患率1.83%,醫院感染例次現患率2.02%;社區感染現患率24.53%,社區感染例次現患率24.83%。三級醫院的醫院感染現患率(2.58%)高于二級醫院(1.44%),而社區感染現患率(17.84%)低于二級醫院(28.01%),差異均有統計學意義(均 P <0.001)。科室分佈中重癥鑑護病房(ICU)醫院感染現患率(14.91%)最高,社區感染中兒科組感染率較高。呼吸道、手術部位和泌尿道為醫院感染常見部位。抗菌藥物使用率為31.27%,二級醫院抗菌藥物使用率(35.95%,15642例)高于三級醫院(22.32%,5064例),三級醫院治療性使用抗菌藥物病原菌送檢率(59.40%,2224例)高于二級醫院(53.59%,6436例),差異均有統計學意義(χ2值分彆為1288.974、38.964,均 P <0.001)。醫院感染病原菌以革蘭陰性桿菌為主,前3位依次為大腸埃希菌、肺炎剋雷伯菌、鮑曼不動桿菌。結論橫斷麵調查結果能較好地反映新疆不同級彆醫院的感染現狀,提示需加彊感染目標微生物的鑑測與抗菌藥物閤理使用的管理和評價,關註重點人群及重點部位感染風險管理。
목적:료해신강지구불동급별의원의원감염급사구감염현상。방법채용상방조사여병력조사상결합적방법대2014년3월20일신강이급급이상의원주원환자감염、항균약물사용정황급병원학감측신식진행횡단면조사。결과실제조사132소의원66208례주원환자,의원감염현환솔1.83%,의원감염례차현환솔2.02%;사구감염현환솔24.53%,사구감염례차현환솔24.83%。삼급의원적의원감염현환솔(2.58%)고우이급의원(1.44%),이사구감염현환솔(17.84%)저우이급의원(28.01%),차이균유통계학의의(균 P <0.001)。과실분포중중증감호병방(ICU)의원감염현환솔(14.91%)최고,사구감염중인과조감염솔교고。호흡도、수술부위화비뇨도위의원감염상견부위。항균약물사용솔위31.27%,이급의원항균약물사용솔(35.95%,15642례)고우삼급의원(22.32%,5064례),삼급의원치료성사용항균약물병원균송검솔(59.40%,2224례)고우이급의원(53.59%,6436례),차이균유통계학의의(χ2치분별위1288.974、38.964,균 P <0.001)。의원감염병원균이혁란음성간균위주,전3위의차위대장애희균、폐염극뢰백균、포만불동간균。결론횡단면조사결과능교호지반영신강불동급별의원적감염현상,제시수가강감염목표미생물적감측여항균약물합리사용적관리화평개,관주중점인군급중점부위감염풍험관리。
Objective To investigate current status of healthcare-associated infection(HAI)and community-associated infection(CAI)of different levels of hospitals in Xinjiang.Methods Infection,antimicrobial use and pathogen detection in patients in second-class and above hospitals in Xinjiang on March 20,2014 were performed cross-sectional survey by bedside visiting and medical record reviewing methods.Results A total of 66 208 patients in 132 hospitals were investigated,HAI prevalence rate and case prevalence rate was 1.83% and 2.02% respectively;CAI prevalence rate and case prevalence rate was 24.53% and 24.83% respectively.HAI prevalence rate in third-class hospitals was higher than second-class hospitals (2.58% vs 1.44%,P <0.001),while CAI prevalence rate was lower than second-class hospitals (17.84% vs 28.01%,P<0.001).HAI prevalence rate was highest in intensive care unit (14.91%),CAI was highest in pediatric department. The common infection sites were respiratory tract,surgical site and urinary tract.Antimicrobial usage rate was 31.27%, antimicrobial usage rate in second-class hospitals was higher than that of the third-class hospitals([35.95%,n=15 642]vs [22.32%,n=5 064],χ2 =1 288.974,P <0.001),pathogen detection rate in third-class hospitals was higher than that of the second-class hospitals([59.40%,n=2 224]vs [53.59%,n=6 436],χ2 =38.964,P <0.001 )Gram-negative bacilli were main isolated pathogens,the top 3 pathogens were Escherichia coli ,Klebsiella pneumoniae ,and Acinetobacter bau-mannii .Conclusion The cross-sectional survey can reflect infection status of different levels of hospitals,surveillance of targeted microbial detection and rational antimicrobial use should be strengthened,management of infection in high risk population and key sites should be paid close attention.