CAJ | 학술논문

在历次全国人口普查的数据基础上，分析我国当代家庭结构的基本变化趋势，讨论家庭结构变迁带来的社会影响。结果显示，迄今我国家庭结构仍然保持以核心家庭为主体，直系家庭占相当比例，复合家庭逐渐减少的模式；并出现夫妇核心家庭、隔代直系家庭、单人家庭比例升高，而单亲家庭比例下降的新特点；家庭规模小型化、核心家庭空巢化、单人家庭和再婚家庭的扩大化给社会和家庭带来了新的挑战，出现了老年人尤其是农村“空巢”老人的养老保障缺失，“留守儿童”和重组家庭子女的教养困难，以及适龄男性的婚配难度加大等一系列亟待解决的社会问题。
재력차전국인구보사적수거기출상，분석아국당대가정결구적기본변화추세，토론가정결구변천대래적사회영향。결과현시，흘금아국가정결구잉연보지이핵심가정위주체，직계가정점상당비례，복합가정축점감소적모식；병출현부부핵심가정、격대직계가정、단인가정비례승고，이단친가정비례하강적신특점；가정규모소형화、핵심가정공소화、단인가정화재혼가정적확대화급사회화가정대래료신적도전，출현료노년인우기시농촌“공소”노인적양로보장결실，“류수인동”화중조가정자녀적교양곤난，이급괄령남성적혼배난도가대등일계렬극대해결적사회문제。
Based on the previous national census data,we analyzed the changing tendency of family structure in contemporary China,and discussed the social influence they had brought about. The study turns out that,so far,China’s family structure maintains the pattern with nuclear family remaining dominant,immediate family accounting for a considerable proportion and composite family gradually reducing. Meanwhile,some new characteristics emerge that the ratio of couple core family, grand-parent lineal family and single-person are increasing,whereas single-parent family is declining. The trend of family size miniaturization,empty-nested nuclear family as well as single-person household and stepfamily expansion have brought new challenges to the family and society,of which the problems of old-age security institution missing,especially for rural“empty nest elders”,“left-behind children” and stepchildren’s upbringing difficulty and increasing mating difficulty for marriageable male urgently need to be addressed.